Emperor Chokei

The 98th Emperor (reigned 1368-83). His given name was Yutanari. His Buddhist name was Kakuri. He was also known as Chokei-in or Keiju-in. He was the first son of Emperor Go-Murakami. His mother is unknown. He succeeded his father as emperor and lived in temporary palaces in Sumiyoshi, Yoshino, and Eizan-ji. After abdicating, he appears to have ruled as a cloistered emperor for several years, but later became a monk and returned to Buddhism. The debate over whether Emperor Chokei was or was not in power has been a major issue in historiography since the Edo period, with the Dai Nihonshi advocating the theory that he was in power, and Hanawa Hokiichi advocating the theory that he was not in power. During the Taisho era, important historical documents such as "Koun Senshu Okugaki" were discovered, which confirmed his reign, and when Yashiro Kuniji (1873-1924) published "A Study on the Enthronement of Emperor Chokei", the theory that he was on the throne became certain, and on October 21, 1926 (Taisho 15), an Imperial edict was issued to grant him the right to join the Imperial line. It is almost certain that he died on August 1, the first year of the Oei era, but the place of his death is unknown. The Emperor's nickname, Keijuin, was based on a Zen temple in Saga, on the outskirts of Kyoto, but it is a mistake to think that he lived there in his later years; it is believed to have been built by his son Kaimon Jocho for the repose of his father's soul. The site of the Imperial tomb was decided on February 11, 1944 (Showa 19) at the site of Keijuin Temple, and was named Saga Eastern Tomb. Emperor Chokei also devoted himself to the arts and sciences in a time of war, and the "Sengensho," a study of the "Tale of Genji," survives to this day. In 1376 (Tenju 2, Eiwa 2), a 1,000-poem waka gathering was held, and he composed 1,000 poems himself, but the complete edition has not been preserved, and only excerpts of 204 of them remain.

[Masashi Murata]

“Ken Iwatsubo (ed.) The Tale of Genji Old Annotation Collection 21 Sengensho Similar Characters Gengosho Tsukigen Words Similar Charactersho” (1998, Ofuu)”

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

第98代天皇（在位1368～83）。名は寛成(ゆたなり)。法名覚理。長慶院また慶寿(けいじゅ)院とも称する。後村上(ごむらかみ)天皇の第1皇子。母は未詳。父天皇の後を受けて皇位につき、住吉、吉野、栄山(えいざん)寺などの行宮(あんぐう)に居住。譲位後数年間は院政を行ったらしいが、のち出家して仏門に帰した。長慶天皇の在位、非在位についての議論は、江戸時代以来の史学上の大問題で、『大日本史』は在位説を、塙保己一(はなわほきいち)は非在位説を唱えた。大正年間になり、在位を確証する『耕雲千首奥書』などの有力な史料が発見され、また八代国治(やしろくにじ)（1873―1924）が『長慶天皇御即位の研究』を発表するに及んで在位説は確実となり、1926年（大正15）10月21日に皇統加列の詔書が発布された。応永(おうえい)元年8月1日に崩じたことはほぼ確実であるが、崩御の地は明らかでない。同天皇の別称慶寿院は京都郊外の嵯峨(さが)にあった禅宗寺院に基づくが、天皇が晩年ここに居住したように解するのは誤りで、これは皇子海門承朝(かいもんじょうちょう)が亡父天皇の菩提(ぼだい)のために建立したものと考えられる。御陵は1944年（昭和19）2月11日慶寿院址に決定、嵯峨東陵と名づけられた。なお、長慶天皇は戦乱の世にあって学芸にも心を用い、『源氏物語』についての研究書たる『仙源抄』が今日に伝存する。また1376年（天授2・永和2）千首和歌会を行い、自らも千首をつくったが、その完本は伝存せず、そのうち204首の抄本が存在する。

［村田正志］

『岩坪健編『源氏物語古注集成21　仙源抄　類字源語抄　続源語類字抄』（1998・おうふう）』

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