Abstract art is a type of art that does not express the concrete forms of the natural world. In a broad sense, it has always existed throughout history, but it was only in the 20th century that abstract art became a major issue. In painting, various trends have emerged, including Constructivism, Neoplasticism, and Orphism, which branched off from Cubism, starting with Kandinsky's watercolors in 1910. Abstract art can be broadly divided into geometric abstraction and expressionist abstraction. The former is a purely plastic, intellectualist tendency that composes works using strict geometric forms, while the latter is an expressionist tendency seen in American Abstract Expressionism and French Informel, which emerged after World War II. Sculpture began following the trend of painting, and developed in a variety of ways, using plastic as well as the traditional materials such as metal, stone, and wood. The creation of abstract art has a diverse background, including mystical movements such as Theosophy and Anthroposophy, phenomenology, and innovations in physics and mathematics, including the theory of relativity. Related Articles Abstraction Creation | Wallinger | Blaue Reiter | Mondrian Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
アブストラクト・アートabstract artの訳。自然界の形象を具体的に表現しない美術。広い意味では歴史を通じて常に存在したが,特に抽象が大きく問題化されてくるのは20世紀に入ってからである。絵画では,カンディンスキーが1910年に描いた水彩画に始まり,構成主義,新造形主義,キュビスムから枝分れしたオルフィスムなど,さまざまな傾向が生まれた。抽象芸術は,幾何学的抽象と表現主義的抽象に大別することができる。前者は厳正な幾何学的フォルムによって作品を構成する純粋造形,主知主義的傾向であり,後者は第2次大戦後に登場した米国の抽象表現主義,フランスのアンフォルメルなどにみられる表現主義的傾向である。彫刻は絵画の流れを受けて始まり,従来の金属,石材,木材のほかプラスチックなどもとり上げられて多様に展開した。抽象芸術の創出には神智学や人智学などの神秘主義運動,現象学,相対性理論をはじめとする物理学や数学の革新など,多様な背景がある。 →関連項目アプストラクシヨン・クレアシヨン|ウォリンガー|ブラウエ・ライター|モンドリアン 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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