Zhong-yuan yinyun (English spelling)

Japanese: 中原音韻 - ちゅうげんおんいん（英語表記）Zhong-yuan yinyun

A Chinese phonetic book. Written by Zhou Deqing of the Yuan dynasty. Published in Taiding 1 (1324). A rhyming book showing the system of medieval colloquialism north of the Yangtze River. Originally compiled for Yuan Qu writers, it divides the rhyming characters of popular literature such as Shi and Qu from the Southern Song to Yuan dynasties into 19 rhymes, and arranges homophones into four tones: Yinping, Yangping, Shang, and Qu. It is also a valuable resource showing that the phonological system that could be called the basis of today's Mandarin appeared in northern China in the 14th century, as seen in Middle Chinese as represented by the Guangyun, with the disappearance of the entering tone and the clearing of voiced consonants of initial consonants.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国の音韻書。元の周徳清の著。泰定1 (1324) 年成立。揚子江以北の中世口語の体系を示す韻書。元来，元曲の作家のために編まれた書で，南宋から元にかけての詞や曲など通俗文学の押韻字を 19韻に大別し，そのなかで陰平，陽平，上，去の4声を分け同音字をまとめて配列したもの。『広韻』に代表される中古漢語からみて，入声が消滅し，声母の濁音の清音化が起っているなど，今日の北京語の母体ともいうべき音韻体系が 14世紀の中国北方に現れていたことを示す貴重な資料でもある。

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