Metal casting

Japanese: 鋳金 - ちゅうきん

A type of metalwork using casting techniques. Materials used are gold, silver, copper, iron, or alloys of these, with bronze being the most common. There are various techniques. (1) Sogata casting. A primitive technique in which a female mold for the vessel is made from clay, and metal is poured into the inner surface, which has been dried over a fire, to cast the vessel. When making a vessel that is hollow inside, a separate inner mold is supported by a katamochi (a mold holder that is placed between the outer and inner molds to prevent the inner mold from moving) and then cast. This is the manufacturing method for ancient bronze vessels such as bronze bells, temple bells, and mirrors. (2) Wax casting. A model made of beeswax is surrounded by clay, and the wax inside is burned away, allowing molten metal to be poured into the cavity created. This is the manufacturing method for gilt bronze Buddhas, etc. It is suitable for making intricate objects, but it is not possible to make copies. (3) Sand casting. This method is used to mass-produce simple items such as coins and mirrors with handles, and uses molds made of hardened and dried sand. (4) Komegata casting: The original mold is filled with clay and divided, then the original mold is removed and the molds are sealed together for casting. This is a relatively modern method.
→ Related topics Metal crafts | Wax casting

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

鋳造の技法による金工の一種。材料は金，銀，銅，鉄やこれらの合金が使われ，青銅が最も多い。技法には各種ある。（１）惣型(そうがた)鋳造。原始的な技法で，器物の雌型を土で作り，火で乾燥させた内面に金属を流して鋳造する方法。中が空になる器物を作るときには，別に中型を型持(かたもち)（外型と中型の間に入れて，中型が動かないようにするもの）でささえて鋳造する。古代の銅鐸(どうたく)，梵鐘(ぼんしょう)，鏡などの青銅器の製法。（２）蝋型鋳造。蜜蝋で作った原型を土で囲み，中の蝋を焼き流すことによって生じた空洞に溶けた金属を流し込む方法。金銅仏などの製法。精巧な物を作るのに適するが，複製はできない。（３）砂型鋳造。銭貨や柄鏡など簡単なものを多量に生産する方法で，砂を固めて乾燥させた型を用いる。（４）込型(こめがた)鋳造。原型を土で塗り込めて分割したのち，原型をとり出し，型をとじ合わせて鋳造する方法。これは比較的近代の方法である。
→関連項目金属工芸｜蝋型鋳造

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