Çiftlik (English spelling)
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Originally, it meant land ploughed by two oxen, i.e. cultivated land. In the Ottoman Empire, especially after the 17th century, it often referred to large farms operated by landlords. These farms were established under feudal landlord-tenant relationships to produce marketable grain (wheat) and horticultural crops (cotton, corn, etc.). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
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本来は2頭のウシを使用して耕す土地，すなわち耕作地を意味する。オスマン帝国において，特に 17世紀以後地主層が経営する大規模な農場をさす場合が多い。これらの農場では，封建的な地主・小作人関係のもとに市場向けの穀物 (コムギ) ，園芸作物 (綿花，トウモロコシなど) が生産された。
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