Dumping syndrome

Japanese: ダンピング症候群 - だんぴんぐしょうこうぐん(英語表記)dumping syndrome
Dumping syndrome

A series of symptoms that occur when food flows rapidly into the small intestine after a gastrectomy. They are broadly divided into "early dumping syndrome," in which symptoms appear within 30 minutes of eating, and "late dumping syndrome," in which symptoms appear 2 to 3 hours after eating.

Symptoms of early dumping syndrome include general fatigue after eating, cold sweats, palpitations, pale/flushed face, abdominal pain, borborygmi, nausea/vomiting, and diarrhea. It is thought that one of the causes is that food with high osmotic pressure flows suddenly into the small intestine, causing extracellular fluid to shift into the intestinal tract, increasing intestinal peristalsis and causing intravascular dehydration. In addition, hormones such as serotonin, neurotensin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are also thought to be involved.

In the late dumping syndrome, symptoms such as sweating lasting 15 to 20 minutes, tachycardia, headache, dizziness, trembling of the limbs, weakness, fatigue, etc. It is thought to be reactive hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin secretion due to a sudden rise in blood glucose level caused by the absorption of carbohydrates from the intestinal tract, and can be improved by supplementing with carbohydrates.

Countermeasures include eating smaller meals at a time, dividing them into several meals, and eating slowly over a period of time. Limit the intake of carbohydrates such as easily digestible starches and sugars, limit fluid intake during meals, and avoid drinking too much. If you have signs of late dumping syndrome, try to eat a carbohydrate snack about two hours after a meal, and take some snacks with you when you go out.

[Kiyotaka Watanabe May 21, 2019]

[Reference] | Gastrectomy

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

胃切除後に、食物が小腸に急激に流入することによって生じる一連の症状。食直後から30分以内に症状が出現する「早期ダンピング症候群」と、食後2~3時間で出現する「後期ダンピング症候群」に大別される。

 早期ダンピング症候群では、食後の全身倦怠(けんたい)感、冷汗(れいかん)、動悸(どうき)、顔面蒼白(そうはく)・紅潮、腹痛、腹鳴、吐き気・嘔吐(おうと)、下痢などが起こる。浸透圧の高い食物が急に小腸に流入するために、細胞外液が腸管内に移行し、腸の蠕動(ぜんどう)が亢進(こうしん)したり、血管内脱水になるのが一因と考えられている。さらに、セロトニン、ニューロテンシン、血管作動性腸管ペプチド(VIP)などホルモンの関与も考えられている。

 後期ダンピング症候群では、15~20分継続する発汗、頻脈、頭痛、めまい、手足のふるえ、脱力、倦怠感などが起こる。腸管からの糖質の吸収によって急激に血糖値が高くなることで、インスリンが過剰分泌されて起こる反応性低血糖と考えられ、糖質を補うことで改善する。

 対策としては、1回の食事量を少なめに、何回かに分けて、ゆっくりと時間をかけて食べるようにする。消化のよいデンプンや糖分などの糖質摂取を控え、食事中には水分を控えめにして、流し込むような食べ方を避ける。後期ダンピング症候群の予兆があるときには、食後2時間くらいに糖質を含む間食をとる、外出時には菓子類を携帯するなどのくふうをする。

[渡邊清高 2019年5月21日]

[参照項目] | 胃切除

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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