Dulcimer - Daruma (English spelling)

Japanese: ダルシマー - だるしまー(英語表記)dulcimer
Dulcimer - Daruma (English spelling)

The English term for zither-like percussion instruments. It is considered to be the predecessor of the piano and harpsichord. Instruments of this type are widely distributed in Europe, Southwest Asia, Central Asia, and East Asia (such as the Iranian santur and the Chinese qin). The basic structure is a trapezoidal wooden resonator (usually about 1 meter in base and 5-7 cm thick) with a wooden bridge shaped like a bank or chess piece placed on the soundboard, and 12-25 courses of metal strings are stretched perpendicular to the bridge, with 2-6 strings per course. The most common string division ratio is 2:3, which allows a fifth interval to be obtained. The player places the instrument on a stand or on his lap, holds wooden or plastic sticks in both hands, and plays it mainly using the tremolo technique.

[Yoichi Yamada]

[Reference] | Santur | Western harp

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

チター属打弦楽器の英語圏における呼称。ピアノやチェンバロの前身とも考えられる。同型楽器はヨーロッパ、西南アジア、中央アジア、東アジアなど広範囲に分布する(イランのサントゥール、中国の洋琴(ようきん)など)。基本構造は、台形の木製共鳴箱(底辺1メートル、厚さ5~7センチメートル程度のものが多い)の響板上に、土手状もしくはチェス駒(こま)形の木製ブリッジを置き、それと直交するように一コース2~6本で、12~25コースの金属弦を張ったものである。もっとも多くみられる弦分割の比率は2対3で、これにより五度音程が得られる。奏者は台や膝(ひざ)の上に楽器を置き、両手に木製やプラスチック製の細長い桴(ばち)を持って、おもにトレモロ奏法で打奏する。

[山田陽一]

[参照項目] | サントゥール | 洋琴

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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