It refers to the power of mindfulness that can absorb and retain all things and not let them be forgotten. It is a transliteration of the Sanskrit word dhārai, meaning "to retain" or "that which is retained." It is also written as darini or darinni, and is translated as soji, nouji, or nosha. It is a kind of mnemonic technique, and refers to associating all things by memorizing one thing so that you do not forget them. It is called noji because it is capable of retaining various good things, and nosha because it is capable of blocking various bad things. Usually, long phrases are called dharani, short ones consisting of several phrases are called mantras, and ones of one or two characters are called shuji. The fifth volume of the "Mahaprajnaparamita-sastra" (Mahaprajnaparamita-sastra) describes three types of dharani: the hearing dharani (not forgetting everything one hears), the discerning dharani (correctly discerning everything), and the vocal dharani (not being influenced by any sounds), and states that there are 500 dharani gates in abbreviated terms, and an infinite number of dharani gates in broader terms. The 45th volume of the "Yogashi-jiron" (Yogashi-bhūmi-ron) lists four types of dharani: the law dharani, the meaning dharani, the mantra dharani, and the bodhisattva patience dharani (patience), and the 11th volume of the "Mahayana Gichō" (Mahayana Gichō) provides a detailed explanation of these four dharani. In addition, the Comprehensive Praise of the Dharani of Shakyamuni, translated by Amoghavajra, explains that there are four types of dharani to be held, namely, dharani held in the Dharma, dharani held in the righteous, dharani held in the righteous, and dharani held in the literary. Since a mantra is called a dharani, a collection of mantras is called a dharani repository, a myoju repository, a hizo, etc., and is one of the five repository along with the sutra repository, vinaya repository, argument repository, and hannya repository. Dharani are recited according to various deities and rituals. In esoteric Buddhism, the Sonsho Dharani is recited to pray for the repose of the souls of the ancestors and the deceased, and this ceremony is called a dharani ceremony. [Ikusumi Onozuka] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
能(よ)く総(すべ)ての物事を摂取して保持し、忘失させない念慧(ねんえ)の力をいう。サンスクリット語ダーラニーdhāraīの音写。「保持すること」「保持するもの」の意。陀憐尼(だりんに)、陀隣尼(だりんに)とも書き、総持、能持(のうじ)、能遮(のうしゃ)と意訳する。一種の記憶術であり、一つの事柄を記憶することによってあらゆる事柄を連想して忘れぬようにすることをいい、それは種々な善法を能く持つから能持、種々な悪法を能く遮するから能遮と称する。普通には長句のものを陀羅尼、数句からなる短いものを真言(しんごん)、一字二字などのものを種子(しゅじ)という場合が多い。『大智度論(だいちどろん)』巻五には、聞持(もんじ)陀羅尼(耳に聞いたことすべてを忘れない)・分別知(ふんべつち)陀羅尼(あらゆるものを正しく分別する)・入音声(にゅうおんじょう)陀羅尼(あらゆる音声によっても左右されることがない)の3種陀羅尼を説き、略説すれば五百陀羅尼門、広説すれば無量の陀羅尼門があるとする。また、『瑜伽師地論(ゆがしじろん)』巻45には、法陀羅尼・義陀羅尼・呪(じゅ)陀羅尼・能得菩薩忍(のうとくぼさつにん)陀羅尼(忍)の4種陀羅尼があげられており、『大乗義章』巻11にはこの四陀羅尼について詳説されている。また、不空(ふくう)訳の『総釈陀羅尼義讃(そうしゃくだらにぎさん)』には4種の持としての陀羅尼が説かれ、法持(ほうじ)・義持(ぎじ)・三摩地持(さんまじじ)・文持(もんじ)の別が説かれている。 呪を陀羅尼と名づけるところから、呪を集めたものを陀羅尼蔵、明呪蔵(みょうじゅぞう)、秘蔵(ひぞう)などといい、経蔵、律蔵、論蔵、般若(はんにゃ)蔵とともに五蔵の一つとする。諸尊や修法に応じて陀羅尼が誦持(じゅじ)される。密教では、祖師の供養(くよう)や亡者の冥福(めいふく)を祈るために尊勝(そんしょう)陀羅尼を誦持するが、その法会(ほうえ)を陀羅尼会(だらにえ)という。 [小野塚幾澄] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Dalarna - Darana (English spelling)
A lawsuit seeking to order an administrative agenc...
A peninsula jutting out into the Pacific Ocean on ...
…On the other hand, larger ones developed into ar...
...A "surreptitious union" is one in wh...
... Farces also target all kinds of comical peopl...
...Specific examples of this include sphenopalati...
A type of pattern. It is a type of manji pattern,...
German anatomist and anthropologist. He is especi...
…The degree of dissociation into ions varies depe...
…It is also called magnesite. Its chemical compos...
Definition/Concept Pleural fluid is a fluid presen...
A lineage, sometimes called a tribe, is a group o...
...They speak Aromanian (a dialect of Romanian) a...
…Born in St. Petersburg. Also known as Alexandre ...
…His “Experiments on Fossil Bones” (1812) is a mo...