Edouard Daladier

French politician. He entered politics as a professor of history at a lycée and became the leader of the Radical Socialist Party. After serving as a cabinet minister, he became prime minister twice, in 1933 and 1934, but resigned after being held responsible for the many deaths and injuries caused by the right-wing riots (known as the February 6th incident), which were based on the pretext of the Stavisky Scandal. He then made his support for the Popular Front clear within the party and was elected president of the party in 1936. After serving as Minister of War in various Popular Front cabinets, he served as prime minister from 1938 to 1940, during which time he signed the Munich Agreement in September 1938, leaving ally Czechoslovakia to die. During the Vichy era, he was tried as a man responsible for France's defeat in the war against Germany, but he courageously defended the Third Republic and forced the trial to be halted. After the war, he served as president of the Radical Socialist Party again.

[Tetsuya Hirase]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの政治家。リセの歴史学教授から政界に入り急進社会党の領袖(りょうしゅう)となる。閣僚を歴任したのち、1933年と1934年の二度にわたって首相となったが、スタビスキー疑獄を口実とする右翼騒擾(そうじょう)事件（いわゆる2月6日事件）で多数の死傷者を出した責任を問われて退陣した。その後、党内で人民戦線支持を明らかにして1936年党総裁に選ばれた。人民戦線諸内閣で陸相を務めたのち、1938～1940年首相を務め、その間の1938年9月ミュンヘン協定に調印し盟邦チェコスロバキアを見殺しにした。ビシー時代には対独敗戦の責任者として裁判にかけられたが、勇敢に第三共和政を弁護して裁判中止に追い込んだ。戦後ふたたび急進社会党総裁を務めた。

［平瀬徹也］

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