This was proposed as an independent disease name in a systematic classification by Austrian dermatologist Ferdinand von Hebra (1816-86), but nowadays, due to the wide variety of etiologies of diseases in which morphologically polymorphous exudative erythema is the main skin symptom, it is divided into Hebra-type polymorphous exudative erythema and symptomatic polymorphous exudative erythema. Usually, without any notable prodromal symptoms, it begins as a slightly elevated, pale pink papule contralateral to exposed areas such as the hands, feet, backs of the fingers, elbows, and patella, and then grows in size and becomes a ring-shaped erythema with a slightly depressed center and a faded flush. In rare cases, it may be accompanied by the formation of blisters or bleeding. Patients may complain of subjective symptoms such as itching and burning, but usually there are no mucosal or systemic symptoms. Treatment involves oral administration of antihistamines and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and topical application of steroids, and the rash usually subsides in a relatively short period of time. However, in the case of symptomatic erythema multiforme, the cause of the onset must be examined for each case and an appropriate treatment method selected. [Shinichi Watanabe] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
オーストリアの皮膚科医ヘブラFerdinand von Hebra(1816―86)が系統的分類で独立疾患名として提唱したものであるが、現在では、形態的に多形な滲出性紅斑を主要な皮膚症状とする疾患には病因的に多種多様のものがあるため、ヘブラ型多形滲出性紅斑と症候性多形滲出性紅斑に分けられている。通常、特記すべき前駆症状もなく、手足や指背部、肘頭(ちゅうとう)や膝蓋(しつがい)部などの露出部に対側性に、わずかに隆起する淡紅色の丘疹(きゅうしん)として始まり、やがて大きさを増すとともに中央部がやや陥凹し、潮紅が消退する環状紅斑となる。まれに水疱(すいほう)形成や出血を伴うこともある。瘙(そう)痒(そうよう)感や灼熱(しゃくねつ)感などの自覚症状を訴えることがあるが、通常は粘膜症状や全身症状が欠如する。 治療は、抗ヒスタミン剤、非ステロイド消炎剤などの内服とステロイドの外用で、皮疹は比較的短期間に消退するが、症候性多形滲出性紅斑では症例ごとに発症原因を検討して治療法を適宜選択する必要がある。 [渡辺晋一] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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