Extraterritorial application - Ikigaitekiyou

Japanese: 域外適用 - いきがいてきよう
Extraterritorial application - Ikigaitekiyou

… (3) Overlapping and conflicting jurisdictions In the current era in which corporate activities are widely conducted internationally, corporate regulations under national laws inevitably overlap, and sometimes the laws of two countries apply to the same conduct, and sometimes the regulations of these two laws contradict each other. This is the “extraterritorial application” seen in the Antimonopoly Act, etc. Regarding this, the rules differ from country to country, and no unified principle has yet been formed. …

From [Foreign Litigation]

...How these points will be considered in the areas of criminal law and administrative law is a question for the future, and for the time being, only the application of domestic laws in domestic courts is being considered. In such cases, the most notable tendency seen in the United States with regard to antitrust and tax laws is to try to apply these laws to foreign companies and other entities (extraterritorial application). However, there must be certain limits to the exercise of national jurisdiction under general international law, and there is heated debate in each country regarding the definition of those limits. ...

*Some explanations of terms that refer to "extraterritorial application" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… (3)管轄権の重複と抵触 現行のように,企業活動が広く国際的に行われている時代においては,国家法による企業規制は必然的に重複し,ときには2国の法が同一行為に対して適用されることがあり,また,この両法の規制が相互に矛盾していることなどがある。これが独禁法等にみられる〈域外適用〉である。これについては,各国によってルールが異なり,いまだに統一的な原則が形成されていない。…

【渉外訴訟】より

…刑事法や行政法の領域においてこれらの点をどう考えてゆくかは今後の問題であり,当面は自国裁判所における自国法の適用による処理のみが考えられている。その場合,独占禁止法や租税法に関してアメリカで最も顕著に見られる傾向として,広く外国の会社等に対しても自国のこれらの法規を適用しようとすること(域外適用)がなされる。けれども,国家管轄権の行使には一般国際法上一定の限界があるはずであり,その限界の画定をめぐり各国で激しい議論がなされている。…

※「域外適用」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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