Motoyuki Takabatake

A national socialist of the Taisho period. The first Japanese translator of Das Kapital in its entirety. Born on January 4, 1886 in Gunma Prefecture. Influenced by Christianity while attending Maebashi Middle School, he enrolled in Doshisha University, but became disillusioned, abandoned his faith, and dropped out. In 1908 (Meiji 41), he founded the Jomo Commoners' Club with Endo Toshiro and others, and launched Tohoku Hyoron. He read Das Kapital while in prison for a literary scandal. In 1918, he moved to Tokyo and joined Sakai Toshihiko's Baibunsha, and eventually became an editor of Shin Shakai, translated Kautsky's Das Kapital Commentary, and took a strong interest in the Russian Revolution. Around the time of the rice riots, he began to disagree with Sakai and others, and joined the Rousokai, founded by Mitsukawa Kametaro and others, and founded Taishusha with Iwata Fumio and Tsukui Tatsuo. In April 1914 (Taisho 8), he launched the publication of "National Socialism" and also began translating "Das Kapital." He developed his unique view of the state, which rejected the exploitative function and endorsed the controlling function, in magazines such as "Taishu Undou," "Kyokugai," "Shukan Nippon," and "Kyukan." In 1923, he formed the Keirin Gakumei (Economic Student League) with Uesugi Shinkichi, and became an advisor to Iwata Tomio's Taikakai and Akao Satoshi's Kenkakukai (National Diet Building). In 1928 (Showa 3), he approached Ugaki Kazushige and promoted the radical patriotic movement, but died suddenly on December 13th of the same year.

[Fujio Ogino]

"Takabatake Motoyuki" by Tanaka Masato (1978, Gendai Hyoronsha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

大正期の国家社会主義者。『資本論』の日本最初の完訳者。明治19年1月4日群馬県に生まれる。前橋中学在学中にキリスト教の影響を受け、同志社に入学するが、幻滅し棄教、退学する。1908年（明治41）遠藤友四郎らと上毛平民倶楽部(クラブ)を設立、『東北評論』を創刊する。筆禍事件で入獄中に『資本論』を読む。11年上京して堺利彦(さかいとしひこ)の売文(ばいぶん)社に入社、やがて『新社会』の編集に活躍し、カウツキー『資本論解説』を訳載、ロシア革命に強い関心を寄せる。米騒動ごろから堺らと意見を異にし、満川亀太郎(みつかわかめたろう)らが結成した老壮会に加入、岩田富美夫(ふみお)、津久井竜雄らと大衆社を創立した。19年（大正8）4月には『国家社会主義』を創刊、『資本論』の翻訳にも着手する。搾取機能を否認して支配統制機能を是認する独特の国家観を『大衆運動』『局外』『週刊日本』『急進』などで展開する。23年上杉慎吉(しんきち)と経綸(けいりん)学盟を結成するほか、岩田富美夫の大化会や赤尾敏の建国会の顧問になる。28年（昭和3）宇垣一成(うがきかずしげ)に働きかけ急進愛国運動を推進するが、同年12月13日急死した。

［荻野富士夫］

『田中真人著『高畠素之』（1978・現代評論社）』

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