Mathematician. Born in Kazuya Village, Ono County, Gifu Prefecture (now Motosu City). After graduating from Gifu Prefectural Ordinary Middle School and the Third Higher Middle School in Kyoto, he entered the Department of Mathematics at the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo in 1894 (Meiji 27), where he studied under Kikuchi Dairoku and Fujisawa Rikitaro. He graduated in 1897 and went on to graduate school, and in the following year, 1898, he wrote two mathematics books, "Shinsen Sanjutsu" and "Shinsen Daigaku," which were of a high standard for Japan at the time. In the same year, he went to Germany as a student of the Ministry of Education, studying at the University of Berlin and the University of Göttingen, and was particularly inspired by Hilbert, to study algebraic number theory. He solved the unsolved problem of complex multiplication, known as "Kronecker's Dream of Youth," when the foundation field was Gaussian number fields. Returning to Japan in 1901 (Meiji 34), he became an assistant professor at the Faculty of Science of Tokyo Imperial University, receiving his doctorate in 1903 and becoming a professor the following year in 1904. Takagi's name became known worldwide with "Takagi's Class Field Theory," which he began researching in 1914 (Taisho 3) and published in 1920. This theory, centered on the theorem that relative Abelian fields are class fields, is one of the greatest achievements in algebraic number theory of the 20th century. He retired from Tokyo Imperial University in 1936 (Showa 11), and received the Order of Culture in 1940. His books include "Introduction to Analysis" and "Algebraic Number Theory." The Itonuki Senior Citizens' Welfare Center in his hometown of Motosu City has a Dr. Takagi Teiji Memorial Room, where his belongings are on display. [Ken Uchida] "Introduction to Analysis, 3rd Revised Edition (1983, Iwanami Shoten)" ▽ "Small Scenes in Mathematics, by Teiji Takagi (Iwanami Gendai Bunko)" ▽ "History of Early Modern Mathematics, by Teiji Takagi (Iwanami Bunko)" [References] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
数学者。岐阜県大野郡数屋(かずや)村(現、本巣(もとす)市)の生まれ。岐阜県尋常中学校、京都の第三高等中学校を経て、1894年(明治27)東京の帝国大学理科大学数学科に入学し、菊池大麓(だいろく)、藤沢利喜太郎(りきたろう)のもとで学んだ。1897年、卒業して大学院に進み、早くも翌1898年には、当時の日本としては水準の高い『新撰(しんせん)算術』『新撰代数学』という2冊の数学書を著した。同年から文部省の留学生としてドイツに渡り、ベルリン大学、ゲッティンゲン大学に学び、ことにヒルベルトに大いに刺激を受けて代数的整数論の研究を志した。そして「クロネッカーの青春の夢」とよばれる虚数乗法に関する未解決の問題について、基礎体がガウスの数体の場合に解決した。1901年(明治34)帰国、東京帝国大学理科大学助教授となり、1903年学位を取得、翌1904年教授となった。高木の名を世界的にしたのは、1914年(大正3)から研究を始め、1920年に発表された「高木の類体論」である。相対アーベル体は類体であるという定理を中心とするその理論は、代数的整数論における20世紀最高の業績の一つである。1936年(昭和11)東京帝国大学を退職、1940年文化勲章を受けた。著書に『解析概論』『代数的整数論』がある。なお、故郷である本巣市の糸貫(いとぬき)老人福祉センターには高木貞治博士記念室があり、遺品が展示されている。 [内田 謙] 『『解析概論』改訂第3版(1983・岩波書店)』▽『高木貞治著『数学小景』(岩波現代文庫)』▽『高木貞治著『近世数学史談』(岩波文庫)』 [参照項目] | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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