Hasebe Kotondo

Japanese: 長谷部言人 - はせべことんど
Hasebe Kotondo

Anatomist and anthropologist. Born in Tokyo in 1882. After graduating from the Faculty of Medicine of Tokyo Imperial University, he majored in anatomy and served as an associate professor and professor at Kyoto University, Niigata Medical College (now Niigata University Faculty of Medicine), and Tohoku Imperial University. He studied in Germany from 1921 to 1922 (Taisho 10-11), and studied anthropology under the guidance of R. Martin while studying anatomy. He conducted several surveys of Micronesians from 1927 to 1929 (Showa 2-4). In 1938, he became a professor at Tokyo Imperial University, and in the following year, 1939, he founded the Department of Anthropology in the Faculty of Science. In 1942, he conducted a survey of Peking Man in Beijing, China. He retired from Tokyo Imperial University in 1943, and became a professor emeritus at Tohoku Imperial University in 1944. He served as president of the Japanese Anthropological Society from 1951 to 1968 (Showa 26-43), and became a member of the Japan Academy in 1953.

His main research theme was the anthropology of the Japanese people, and he excavated many ruins. He advocated a continuity theory (transition theory) regarding the origin of the Japanese people, and claimed that people in the Jomon period were the direct ancestors of modern Japanese people. The gist of this theory is still considered correct today. His published papers include "Stone Age residents and modern Japanese," "On the primitiveness of a human hipbone (plaster cast) excavated from the Early Pleistocene deposits of Nishiyagi near Akashi City," and "The establishment of the Japanese people."

[Kazuo Hanihara, November 19, 2018]

[Reference item] | Japanese | Martin

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

解剖学者、人類学者。明治15年東京に生まれる。東京帝国大学医科大学を卒業後、解剖学を専攻し、京都大学、新潟医学専門学校(現、新潟大学医学部)、東北帝国大学の助教授ならびに教授を歴任した。1921~1922年(大正10~11)にドイツに留学し、解剖学研究のかたわら、R・マルチンの指導のもとに人類学を学んだ。1927~1929年(昭和2~4)には数回にわたってミクロネシア人を調査。1938年東京帝国大学教授となり、翌1939年理学部に人類学科を創設、1942年には中国の北京(ペキン)で、北京原人の調査を行った。1943年東京帝国大学を停年退官し、1944年東北帝国大学名誉教授となる。1951~1968年(昭和26~43)日本人類学会会長を務め、1953年日本学士院会員となる。

 主として日本人の人類学を研究テーマとし、多くの遺跡を発掘した。日本人の起源について連続説(移行説)を唱え、縄文時代人は現代日本人の直系の祖先であると主張した。この説は今日もその大筋は正しいと考えられている。「石器時代住民と現代日本人」「明石市附近西八木最新世前期堆積出土人類腰骨(石膏型)の原始性に就いて」「日本民族の成立」などの論文がある。

[埴原和郎 2018年11月19日]

[参照項目] | 日本人 | マルチン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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