Rice planting dance - Taueodori

A traditional art form for celebrating a good harvest, mainly performed on the 15th of the New Year, handed down in the five Oshu prefectures of Fukushima, Yamagata, Miyagi, Iwate, and Aomori. There were about 300 such dances, but many have been lost. In the Aizu area of ​​Fukushima Prefecture, it is called Saotome Dance, in Iwate Prefecture it is called Harutauchi, and in Aomori Prefecture it is called Enburi, and although there are some differences in the way it is performed, it is a dance of the same type. It was particularly popular in Fukushima and Iwate Prefectures. The performers are adults or young people, and are organized into groups of about 10 to 15 people, consisting of a leader who corresponds to the sakugashira, dancers, and musicians who play flutes, drums, and copper beats. The performances express the process of plowing the rice fields, making the seedbed, planting rice, and harvesting in the form of songs and dances. In addition, there are also performances of celebratory dances such as Ebisu dance, Daikoku dance, Harukoma dance, Torisashi dance, Banzai dance, and Kyogen. There are some similarities to Taasobi, but this is a different kind of dance. There is also a rice planting dance in Kumamoto Prefecture, but the rice planting dance in Oshu is a unique creation.

[Tsuneyasu Arai]

In addition, Miyagi Prefecture's rice planting dance was registered as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) in 2009 as the "Akiu Rice Planting Dance."

[Editorial Department]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

福島、山形、宮城、岩手、青森の奥羽5県に伝承する正月15日を中心に演じられてきた豊年予祝の芸能。その数は約300か所にも上っていたが、失われたものも少なくない。福島県の会津方面では五月女(さおとめ)踊、岩手県では春田打(はるたうち)、青森県ではえんぶりなどの呼称もあり、表現の方法に多少の違いがあるものの、同一系類の舞踊である。福島県と岩手県がとくに盛んであった。演者は大人あるいは青少年で、10人から15人ぐらいのグループを編成、作頭(さくがしら)に相当する音頭取りと舞人、笛、太鼓、銅拍子(どうびょうし)などの囃子(はやし)方からなる。演目は、田打ち、苗代(なわしろ)作り、田植、収穫の過程を、歌舞の形式で表現する。ほかに、えびす舞、大黒(だいこく)舞、春駒(はるこま)、鳥刺(とりさし)舞、万歳、狂言などの祝言ものを併演するところもある。田遊(たあそび)に通じるところがあるが、これは別種のものであり、熊本県下にも田植踊があるが、奥羽の田植踊は独特の創造であった。

［新井恒易］

　なお宮城県の田植踊は、2009年（平成21）「秋保(あきう)の田植踊」としてユネスコ（国連教育科学文化機関）の無形文化遺産に登録された。

［編集部］

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