Large districts and small districts

Japanese: 大区･小区 - だいくしょうく

A new local administrative system established by the government after the abolition of feudal domains and the establishment of prefectures. The Family Registration Act, issued in April 1871 (Meiji 4), first ordered the establishment of new wards to carry out family registration duties and the appointment of heads of households and deputy heads of households as registrars. The following year, in order to deal with the conflict of authority between heads of households and deputy heads of households and former town and village officials (such as village headmen and village headmen), a proclamation was issued ordering the abolition of former town and village officials and unification under the ward system, and the large and small ward system was established. The size of the large and small wards and the names of the administrative officials were left to the discretion of the prefectural governor and prefectural governor, and varied from prefecture to prefecture, but it was common for several towns and villages to be combined to form a small ward, and several small wards to be combined to form a large ward, with a ward chief for the large ward and a head of household for the small ward.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

廃藩置県後，政府によって新しく定められた地方行政制度。1871年(明治4)4月に出された戸籍法が，戸籍事務遂行のため新しく区を設定し，戸籍吏として戸長･副戸長をおくことを命じたのが初めである。ついで翌年，戸長･副戸長と旧町村役人(名主･庄屋など)との間におこる権限の競合に対処するため，旧町村役人の廃止と区制による統一を命ずる布告が出され，大区･小区制は形をととのえた。大区･小区の規模や行政吏の名称は府知事･県令の裁量にゆだねられ，各府県で異なったが，数ヵ町村をあわせて小区をつくり，数ヵ小区をあわせて大区とし，大区に区長，小区に戸長をおくのが一般的であった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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