Dowry - Jisankin (English spelling)

Japanese: 持参金 - じさんきん（英語表記）dowry

Also called dowry. This refers to monetary property given by the person who is giving the spouse to the person who is receiving the spouse at the time of marriage. In cases of marriage where the bride moves into the groom's family or in societies with polyandry, the bride's labor is of value, so there is little dowry. In cases of marriage where the bride moves into the groom's family, the groom's family pays a dowry in exchange for the bride, but in particular, in order to ensure the status of the bride and her family, rather than simply exchanging goods and money for the bride, the bride's family would bring a dowry at the time of the marriage. This is a custom common in societies with monogamy, and is recorded in ancient Greece and Rome. Even today, in many societies, it is welcomed as a form of status security between the people who are entering into marriage, especially when the person who is giving the bride has status and assets. In some cases, the dowry goes entirely to the groom's family, but in Japan, the ownership of the wife is legally guaranteed.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

嫁資ともいう。結婚に際して，配偶者を与える側が，配偶者をもらう側に対して与える金銭財物をいう。婿入り婚の場合や一妻多夫婚制をとる社会の場合，婚入者の労働力提供ということが価値をもっているため，持参財産はほとんどないが，嫁入り婚の場合，婿方から，嫁をもらう代償として婚資を支払う一方，ことに婚姻を単に嫁と物品や金銭との交換に終らせず，嫁の地位や嫁の親族の地位を確保するために，嫁入りに際して嫁資をもたせるというようなことが行われた。これは一夫一婦制をとる社会に多く見受けられる習俗で，古代ギリシア・ローマ時代にもその記録があり，現在でも婚姻締結者同士の一つの身分保障として歓迎されている社会は多く，嫁を与える側に地位や財産がある場合特に顕著である。嫁資は，すべて婿方に渡る場合もあるが，日本の場合は法的に妻の所有権が確保されている。

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