Under German civil law, a contract (Art. 1941, 2274-2302) is concluded with the deceased as one of the parties, and includes the designation of heirs, bequests (Vermächtnis), and burdens. Along with a will, it is a type of mortis causa (also called posthumous disposition; legal act that takes effect upon the death of the actor). In European continental law, there is a similar system in Swiss law, and French legal countries and Austria recognize it only between married couples. Historically, it originates from inheritance practices in Germanic law, and is a different system under the Roman law testamentary system governed by the principle of testamentary freedom. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ドイツ民法上,被相続人を一方の当事者として締結される,相続人指定,遺産贈与Vermächtnis,負担を内容とする契約(1941条,2274~2302条)。遺言と並ぶ死因処分(死後処分ともいう。行為者の死亡によって効力を生ずる法律行為)の一種。ヨーロッパ大陸法中ではスイス法に類似の制度があるほか,フランス法圏諸国およびオーストリアが夫婦間にのみこれを認めている。沿革的にはゲルマン法上の相続慣行に由来するもので,遺言自由の原則が支配するローマ法的遺言制度体系の下では異質の制度である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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