A type of Jamaican popular music and dance style. It is characterized by its two-beat rhythm with an accent on the last beat, and lyrics with a strong message that expresses dissatisfaction with society and sympathy with the Rastafari movement (a religious movement with the slogan of returning to Africa). In the early days, it was mainly played with acoustic guitars and percussion instruments, but in recent years, electric instruments such as electric guitars and keyboards are often used. It is said that its origins lie in the two-beat dance mento, which was originally found in the area and was influenced by black music from the southern United States. In the 1960s, it developed into ska, and around the 1970s, it developed into reggae, and it also became known outside of Jamaica from this time. At the time, the pop music world, mainly in the United States, was dominated by music that was simply technical, so the emergence of reggae with a strong message was a big shock. Since then, it has continued to influence popular music around the world, mainly in New York and London. Representative musicians include Bob Marley (1945-81), Jimmy Cliff (1948-), and the group Third World (formed in 1973). [Ryuichi Tai] "The Wind and Light of Reggae Jamaica" by Tagawa Ritsu and Sugawara Mitsuhiro (1985, Ongaku No Tomosha) ▽ "Bob Marley" by Steven Davis, translated by Ohashi Etsuko (1986, Shobunsha) ▽ "Rastafarians" by Renato E. Barrett, translated by Yamada Hiroyasu (1996, Heibonsha) ▽ "Reggae Island" by Brian Jahn, translated by Tanida Hiroyuki (1996, Heibonsha) [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ジャマイカのポピュラー音楽およびダンスのスタイルの一種。二拍子系で後拍にアクセントがあるリズムと、社会への不満やラスタファリ運動(アフリカ回帰をスローガンとする宗教的性格の強い運動)への共感が織り込まれている、メッセージ性に富んだ歌詞をもつことに特色がある。初期にはアコースティック・ギターと打楽器類が中心であったが、近年では電気ギターやキーボードなどの電気楽器が多用される。その起源は、同地にもともとあった二拍子系の舞曲メントmentoなどが、アメリカ合衆国南部の黒人音楽の影響を受けたものといわれている。それが1960年代にはスカskaに、さらに70年前後からレゲエにと発展し、またこのころからジャマイカ以外にも知られるようになった。当時、アメリカなどを中心とするポピュラー音楽界では、単に技巧に走った音楽が多かったため、メッセージ性をもったレゲエの登場は大きな衝撃を与えた。以後ニューヨーク、ロンドンなどを中心に、世界のポピュラー音楽に影響を与え続けている。代表的な音楽家にボブ・マーリィBob Marley(1945―81)、ジミー・クリフJimmy Cliff(1948― )、グループにサード・ワールド(1973結成)らがいる。 [田井竜一] 『田川律・菅原光博著『レゲエ・ジャマイカの風と光』(1985・音楽之友社)』▽『スティーヴン・ディヴィス著、大橋悦子訳『ボブ・マーリー』(1986・晶文社)』▽『レナート・E・バレット著、山田祐康訳『ラスタファリアンズ』(1996・平凡社)』▽『ブライアン・ジャーン著、谷田博幸訳『レゲエ・アイランド』(1996・平凡社)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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