General Chamber of Commerce - Soshokai (English)

Japanese: 総商会 - そうしょうかい（英語表記）zŏng shāng huì

A Chinese business organization similar to the chambers of commerce and industry of other countries. In 1899 (the 25th year of the Guangxu era), the General Bureau of Commerce was established in Shanghai, but because it was poor and bureaucratic, in 1902 the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce was established in the style of foreign chambers of commerce and was officially recognized by the government. This spread to cities throughout the country, including Beijing, Tianjin, Wuhan, and Guangdong, and sometimes took part in the anti-foreign currency movement with the aim of protecting and nurturing domestic capital. In January 1830, it was renamed the General Chamber of Commerce, but it gradually became a stronghold for big capitalists and comprador capitalist groups, and during the May 30th incident, it came into fierce conflict with small and medium-sized enterprises and people's groups such as the Industrial and Commercial Sciences Federation. In Shanghai, it was destroyed and closed down in April 1929 after being attacked by the National Salvation Association.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

各国の商工業会議所に類する中国の実業団体。1899年(光緒25)，上海に商務総局が創設されたが，劣悪，官僚的であったため，1902年，外国の商業会議所にならって，上海商務総会が設立され，政府の公認を受けた。これが北京，天津，武漢，広東など全国各都市に普及し，民族資本の擁護，育成を趣旨として，外貨排斥運動に挺身することもあった。12年1月，総商会と改称されたが，徐々に大資本家，買弁資本家集団の牙城と化し，五･三〇事件では，工商学連合会など中小企業や民衆団体と激しく利害対立し，上海の場合は，29年4月，国民救国会の襲撃を受けて破壊，閉鎖された。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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