King Xuan (English: King Xuan)

Japanese: 宣王 - せんおう（英語表記）Xuān wáng

? - 301 BCE
King of the Warring States period of Qi in China. Reigned 319-301 BC. Son of King Wei. Named Hekikyo. In the year of his accession to the throne, when Wei fought against Han and Zhao, he waited until Wei was exhausted and attacked them, subjugating the Sanjin region. He then took advantage of the internal strife in Yan to capture its capital. As a result, Qi's power became the largest among the eastern countries, and its capital, Linzi, flourished. The king also built a mansion near Jimen (the gate of Ji) on the west side of the city and gave preferential treatment to scholars, so that scholars such as Zou Yan, Chunyu Zheng, and Tian Bian gathered there, becoming the center of culture and learning, and forming the so-called Jixia learning.

Xuan Wang

King of Zhou in the late Western Zhou period in ancient China. Dates of birth and death unknown. Reigned 827-782 BC. King Li of Zhou was dethroned for tyranny and a republic was established (841 BC), but when King Li's crown prince Ji Jing came of age, he was supported by the Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Shao and ascended to the throne. This was King Xuan. King Xuan pacified the various lords and conquered foreign tribes such as the Jian'in in the northwest and the Huaiyi in the southeast, and is said to have succeeded in restoring the Western Zhou dynasty. Chapters such as "Sixth Month" and "Jiang Han" in the Book of Songs praise King Xuan's foreign campaigns.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

？‐前301
中国，戦国斉の王。在位，前319‐前301年。威王の子。名は辟彊（へききよう）。即位の年に魏が韓，趙と戦うと，魏の疲弊を待ってこれを攻めて三晋の地を平定。さらに燕の内紛に乗じてその国都を攻略した。そのため斉の勢力は東方諸国中最大となり，都の臨淄（りんし）は繁栄を極めた。また王は，城西の稷門（しよくもん）付近に邸宅をしつらえて学者を優遇したので，鄒衍（すうえん），淳于髡（じゆんうこん），田駢（でんべん）ら天下の文学遊説の士が雲集して文化学術の中心となり，いわゆる稷下（しよくか）の学を形成した。

せんおう【宣王 Xuān wáng】

中国古代，西周末期の周王。生没年不詳。在位，前827‐前782年。周の厲（れい）王が暴政を行ったため位を追われ，共和の制(前841)が敷かれたが，やがて厲王の太子の姫静が成人すると，周公と召公の後押しで即位した。これが宣王である。宣王は諸侯をなつけるとともに北西の玁狁（けんいん），南東の淮夷など異民族の討伐を行って，西周王朝の中興に成功したとされる。《詩経》の〈六月〉や〈江漢〉などの篇が宣王の外征を賛美する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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