Crowd - Gunshu

Japanese: 群集 - ぐんしゅう

〘Noun〙① (Formerly "kunju") (━suru) A large gathering of people. Kunju. ※Shiju Hyakuinenshu (1257) 2 "In one place, the crowd (kunjiu) , men and women, householders, elders, juniors, and seniors , all bowed their heads and raised their hands, gazing at the World- Honored One ."② A large number of people who gathered in a crowd. In sociology and psychology, it refers to a temporary, unorganized gathering of a large number of people in a certain space while having physical contact. ※Western Affairs (1866-70)〈Fukuzawa Yukichi〉 and others "If a piece of money is given to a crowd of uneducated barbarians today, the crowd will immediately become upset." 〔Xunzi - Guanggaku〕③ (Crowd, crowd) In ecology, it refers to a gathering of organisms that live or grow together in a certain area. Community includes plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, but it is sometimes used to distinguish between animals and plants. (a) In plants, it is one of the community units. The type and composition are the same, and it is characterized by dominant and characteristic species. Examples include beech-bamboo communities and reed-watergrass communities. The former name was "gunso" (flora) . (b) In animals, it can be used to refer to specific taxonomic groups, such as fish communities, or to refer only to those that share a common lifestyle.

mura-tsudo -u tsudofu [crowd]

〘Self-directed Wa 5 (Ha 4)〙 To gather in a crowd. A large number of people gather in one place. ※Tosei Shosei Kishitsu (Tosei Shosei Kishitsu) (1885-86) by Tsubouchi Shoyo, vol . 11 "If it doesn't seem like a convenient place for walking, there's no reason for people to gather in a crowd for the sake of hygiene."

MURE - ATSUMARU [crowd]

〘Self-reporting 5 (4)〙 To gather in droves. To gather. ※Records of the Western Regions of the Great Tang Dynasty, Chōkan Year 1 (1163), 7 "Hundreds of thousands of people gathered on the north shore . "

muragari - atsuma-ru [crowd]

〘Ji Ra 5 (4)〙 Many people or things gather in one place in a group. (Nippo Jisho (1603-04))

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① (古くは「くんじゅう」) (━する) 人が多くむらがり集まること。くんじゅ。※私聚百因縁集（1257）二「一処群集(クンジウ)の男女家中老少上下皆頭を(た)れ手を刄(をさ)め世尊を瞻(まぼ)りたてまつる」② むらがり集まった多くの人々。特に、社会学、心理学などで、多数の人々が、一定の空間で物理的に接触をもちながら一時的、非組織的に集まっている状態をいう。※西洋事情（1866‐70）〈福沢諭吉〉外「今教なき夷民の群集中に一片の財貨を投与しなば其群集忽ち上下に動乱し」〔荀子‐勧学〕③ (群集・群聚) 生態学で、一定の地域でまじりあって生活または生育する生物のあつまりをいう。群集には、動植物、菌類、微生物を含むが、動物と植物に区別して用いることもある。(イ) 植物では、群落の単位の一つ。種類・組成は同じで、優占種・標徴種とによって特徴づけられる。ブナ・スズタケ群集、ヨシ・マコモ群集など。旧称は群叢(ぐんそう)。(ロ) 動物では、魚類群集など特定の分類群を対象に用いたり、共通の生活様式をもつものだけをさして呼ぶこともある。