Treaty of Sevres

Japanese: セーブル条約 - せーぶるじょうやく
Treaty of Sevres

The peace treaty between the Allied Powers and Turkey was signed on August 10, 1920, in Sèvres, a suburb of Paris, after the First World War. Under this treaty, Turkey renounced Iraq, Palestine, and Syria, as well as the Arabian Peninsula, and ceded all of the Balkan Peninsula to Greece, leaving Istanbul and adjacent areas. In addition, the Izmir region of Asia Minor became a Greek-administered area, the Dodecanese Islands and southwestern Anatolia became Italian territory and an Italian-administered area, and Cilicia and southern Kurdistan became French-administered areas. In addition, the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus Strait were placed under international control and demilitarization, extraterritoriality continued, and finances were jointly managed by the Allied Powers, making this a humiliating treaty. The Sultanate government was willing to accept this treaty, but the new Ankara government led by Kemal Pasha (Kemal Atatürk) refused to accept it. After winning the three-year War of National Salvation, the Ankara government signed the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, which was favorable to Turkey, and the Treaty of Sevres was abolished.

[Shunichi Fujimura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

第一次世界大戦後の1920年8月10日、パリ郊外のセーブルSèvresで結ばれた連合国とトルコとの講和条約。この条約でトルコは、イラク、パレスチナ、シリアの全域とアラビア半島を放棄し、バルカン半島ではイスタンブールと隣接地を残して他はギリシアに割譲することとなった。このほか、小アジアのイズミル地区もギリシア管理地区に、ドデカネス諸島とアナトリア南西部はイタリア領およびイタリア管理地区に、キリキアとクルディスターン南部はフランス管理地区となった。またダーダネルス、ボスポラス海峡は非武装のうえ国際管理下に置かれ、治外法権は存続、財政は連合国の共同管理といった、屈辱的な内容であった。この条約を受け入れようとするスルタン政府に対し、ケマル・パシャ(ケマル・アタチュルク)の率いるアンカラ新政府は受諾を拒否。アンカラ政府は、3年間の救国戦争に勝利を収めて、改めて23年にトルコに有利なローザンヌ条約を結び、セーブル条約は廃棄された。

[藤村瞬一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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