Also known as the oil shock or petroleum shock. When the Yom Kippur War began in October 1973, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) cut oil production and embargoed oil exports, while OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) raised the price of crude oil fourfold in one go. As a result, Japan and other countries around the world, whose core industries depend on oil, suffered a major economic blow. In 1979, the Iranian Revolution triggered the second oil crisis, and with oil reaching $20 a barrel, countries around the world tried to curb oil consumption and diversify energy sources. Currently, OPEC's share of world crude oil production has fallen to about 35% (1990). → Related topics IEA | IMF loan system | Energy revolution | Gas business | Thermal power generation | Industry | High economic growth | Summit | Japan premium | Heavy and large-scale industries | Energy conservation | New energy | Stagflation | Coal industry | Underground coal gasification | Petrochemical industry | Oil industry | Alternative energy to oil | Oil reserves | Comprehensive agricultural policy | Solar houses | Wage payment assurance law | Diesel exhaust gas pollution | Best mix of power sources | Japan | Fertilizer industry | Faisal | Whitlam | Mainichi Shimbun Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
オイル・ショック,石油ショックとも。1973年10月に始まった第4次中東戦争に際し,アラブ石油輸出国機構(OAPEC)が石油の減産・禁輸を行ったのに並行して,OPEC(石油輸出国機構)は原油価格を一挙に4倍に引き上げた。この結果,基幹産業のほとんどを石油に依存している日本をはじめ世界各国は,経済的に大打撃を受けた。また1979年にはイラン革命を契機に第2次石油危機が到来,石油20ドル時代を迎えて各国とも石油消費の抑制とエネルギー源の多様化を図った。現在OPECの世界原油生産シェアは約35%(1990年)まで低下している。 →関連項目IEA|IMF融資制度|エネルギー革命|ガス事業|火力発電|工業|高度経済成長|サミット|ジャパン・プレミアム|重厚長大型産業|省エネルギー|新エネルギー|スタグフレーション|石炭産業|石炭地下ガス化|石油化学工業|石油産業|石油代替エネルギー|石油備蓄|総合農政|ソーラーハウス|賃金支払確保法|ディーゼル排出ガス公害|電源ベストミックス|日本|肥料工業|ファイサル|ホイットラム|毎日新聞 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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