Brown Case Decision

Japanese: ブラウン事件判決 - ブラウンじけんはんけつ

In 1954, the US Supreme Court ruled that state laws requiring separate education for black and white students in public schools were unconstitutional. Oliver Brown, the father of a black student in Kansas who was denied admission to a white school, sued the city's school board. Since the Civil War, racial segregation policies had been implemented in the South, and the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision ruled that separation of black and white students was not unconstitutional as long as the facilities were equal, and the principle of "separate but equal" had been tacitly accepted ever since. However, this decision ruled that segregated education was unconstitutional, giving momentum to the subsequent civil rights movement that aimed to abolish racial discrimination.
Related Articles National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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Japanese:

1954年米国最高裁が，公立学校における黒人と白人の別学を定めた州法を違憲と認めた判決。カンザス州で白人校への転入を拒否された黒人生徒の父親オリバー・ブラウンが，市の教育委員会を告訴。南北戦争以降，南部では人種隔離政策がとられており，1896年の〈プレッシー対ファーガソン判決〉では設備が同等であれば黒人と白人の分離は違憲にならないとされ，以後〈隔離すれども平等〉の原理が黙認されていた。だが，この判決では分離された教育は違憲であるとされ，人種差別の撤廃をめざすその後の公民権運動を勢いづけた。
→関連項目全米黒人地位向上協会

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