A kind of solar calendar proposed by American businesswoman Elizabeth Acheris. The Gregorian calendar used around the world today has four different lengths of days per month, from 28 to 31, and the same weekday does not fall on the same day of the same month every year. The World Calendar was created to eliminate this drawback, and its proposal divides a year into four periods of three months each, with 91 days in each period and 31, 30, and 30 days in each month, with the remaining day at the end of December and the leap day at the end of June. The first day of each period is Sunday. Therefore, the last day of each period is Saturday, and leap days and the remaining days are non-weekdays and global holidays. The number of working days in each month is 26. This is the gist of the calendar, which will never change. Achelis founded the World Calendar Association in 1930 and became its president. She began lobbying countries to implement the new calendar in 1956, when January 1st falls on a Sunday. She submitted the proposal to the Executive Board of the United Nations General Assembly in September 1949, but it was postponed. In April 1955, she consulted with the United Nations Economic and Social Council to solicit the opinions of countries around the world, but the proposal did not receive majority support and discussion of the issue was discontinued. With her death in 1973, the World Calendar Movement also disappeared. [Toshio Watanabe] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの実業家エリザベス・アケリス女史が提唱した一種の太陽暦。今日、世界で使用しているグレゴリオ暦は、1年毎月の日数が28日から31日まで四通りもあり、同じ週日が毎年同月同日にこない。この欠点を除こうとしたのが世界暦であり、その案は、1年を各3か月の4期に分け、各期を91日、各月を31日、30日、30日とし、余り1日を12月の末に、閏(うるう)日は6月の末に置く。各期の第1日を日曜日とする。したがって各期の最後の日は土曜日となり、閏日・余日は無週日とし、世界的休日とする。各月の勤労日数は26日となる。かくして永久に変わらない暦になるというのがその骨子である。 アケリスは、1930年に世界暦協会を創立し、自ら会長となって、1月1日が日曜日にあたる1956年から実行に移そうと各国に働きかけを開始、1949年9月の国際連合総会の理事会にこの案を提出したが延期となり、1955年4月には国連経済社会理事会に諮り、世界各国の意見を問い合わせるまでに至ったが、大勢の賛成は得られず、問題討議はとりやめとなった。1973年、彼女が死去したことにより世界暦運動も消滅した。 [渡辺敏夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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