The Jingling School

A school of poetry in the Ming Dynasty in China. This school of poetry was formed a little later than the Gong'an school, and included Zhong Xing and Tan Yuanshun, both from Jingling, Hubei Province, who also attacked the Guwenci school during the Wanli and Tianqi periods of the Ming Dynasty (1573-1627). Their argument was influenced by that of Yuan Hongdao of the Gong'an school, and they rejected imitation and emphasized one's own sincerity, but they differed in that they imposed upon themselves the mental effort appropriate for composing such true poetry. Based on this argument, Zhong Tan and Zhong Tan selected and critiqued the true poetry of ancient poets in their book "Shi Gui" (15 volumes of "Gu Shi Gui" and 36 volumes of "Tang Shi Gui" published in 1617), which was all the rage from the Tianqi period of the Ming Dynasty (1621-27) to the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1736-95). However, his actual poetry does not match this claim, and there is nothing worth seeing. As for the works of the Jingling school, the prose works represented by Liu Dong's "Emperor's Views of the Capital" should be mentioned.

[Hidetaka Otsuka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、明(みん)代の詩派。公安派にやや遅れ、明の万暦・天啓年間（1573～1627）に同じく古文辞派を攻撃した湖北省竟陵出身の鍾惺(しょうせい)、譚元春(たんげんしゅん)らの詩派。その主張は公安派の袁宏道(えんこうどう)のそれを受け、模倣を否定して自己の真情を重視するものであったが、そうした真詩をつくるにふさわしい精神的努力を自らに課した点において、それと相違している。この主張に基づき、古人の真詩を鍾譚2氏が選択批評した『詩帰』（『古詩帰』15巻、『唐詩帰』36巻、1617刊）は、明の天啓年間（1621～27）から清(しん)の乾隆(けんりゅう)年間（1736～95）にかけ一世を風靡(ふうび)した。しかし詩の実作はその主張にそぐわず、みるべきものはない。竟陵派の作品としては、むしろ劉侗(りゅうどう)の『帝京(ていけい)景物略』に代表される散文をあげるべきであろう。

［大塚秀高］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例