A political group formed in the mid-19th century with the aim of achieving political independence for Ireland. Young nationalists who had been promoting O'Connell's repeal movement launched a weekly magazine, the Nation, in 1842 and emphasized the traditions of the Irish people in literature and other works. This group was called the Young Irelanders, and was led by three men: TO Davis (1814-45), CG Duffy (1816-1903), and JB Dillon (1816-66). "No matter what ancestry you come from, if you love and serve your country, you are all Irish" (Davis), they said, and they advocated the Irish being aware that they were a separate race and seeking political independence from Britain. Their passion became more radical when they encountered the Great Famine (1845-47), and in July 1848 they attempted an armed uprising, but it was easily suppressed. However, since annexation by Britain in 1801, as the country has become increasingly Anglicized, the significance of this work is that it has reexamined Irish nationalism based on Irish national traditions and connected it to the present day. [Satoshi Horikoshi] "The Culture and History of Ireland, edited by T. W. Moody and F. X. Martin, supervised translation by Horikoshi Satoshi (1982, Ronsosha)" ▽ "The History of Ireland - Ethnic Groups and Classes, volumes 1 and 2, by P. B. Ellis, co-translated by Horikoshi Satoshi and Iwami Toshiko (1991, Ronsosha)" ▽ "An Introduction to Irish History , by S. McCall, edited by Ono Osamu, translated by Obuchi Atsuko and Yamaoku Keiko (1996, Akashi Shoten)" ▽ "Ireland, by Ueno Itaru (included in "Modern British History," by Matsuura Takamine, 1992, Yamakawa Publishing)" ▽ "Romance and Rebellion of the Irish Nation, by Matsuo Taro (1994, Ronsosha)" ▽ "A Narrative History of Ireland, by Hatano Yuzo (Chuko Shinsho)" [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
19世紀なかばアイルランドの政治的自立を目ざして生まれた政治グループ。オコネルのリピール(併合法撤回)運動を推進していた若いナショナリストたちが、1842年、週刊『ネーション』を発刊して、アイルランド民族の伝統を文学作品などで強調した。これが青年アイルランド党とよばれたグループで、デービスT. O. Davis(1814―45)、ダッフィC. G. Duffy(1816―1903)、ディロンJ. B. Dillon(1816―66)の3人が中心だった。「どんな先祖から出ているとしても、国を愛し、国に仕えるならみんなアイルランド人」(デービス)と、アイルランド人が別個の民族であることを自覚して、イギリスからの政治的自立を求めることを説いた。彼らの情熱はおりからの大飢饉(ききん)(1845~47)に遭遇して急進的となり、48年7月、武装蜂起(ほうき)を決行するに至ったが、容易に鎮圧された。しかしイギリスによる併合(1801)以来、イギリス化が進行するなかで、アイルランド民族の伝統に根ざしてナショナリズムを改めて問いただし、現代につないだことの意義は大きい。 [堀越 智] 『T・W・ムーディ、F・X・マーチン編著、堀越智監訳『アイルランドの風土と歴史』(1982・論創社)』▽『P・B・エリス著、堀越智・岩見寿子共訳『アイルランド史―民族と階級』上下(1991・論創社)』▽『S・マコール著、小野修編、大渕敦子・山奥景子訳『アイルランド史入門』(1996・明石書店)』▽『上野格著「アイルランド」(松浦高嶺著『イギリス現代史』所収1992・山川出版社)』▽『松尾太郎著『アイルランド民族のロマンと反逆』(1994・論創社)』▽『波多野裕造著『物語アイルランドの歴史』(中公新書)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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