Reizei family

This is a branch of the Mikohidari family, a branch of the Fujiwara clan, and has existed since the late Kamakura period. Its founder was Tameie's son Tamesuke (whose mother was Abutsu). He lived in a house facing Reizei-koji, which had been passed down to Tameie by Fujiwara Teika, and the family name became the family name. Following in the footsteps of Shunzei and Teika, the family made waka poetry their family business, and after the deaths of the Nijo family, the head family (main line) of the Souke clan at the end of the Nanboku-cho period, and the Kyogoku family before that, the family played an important role as a waka poetry master family. After four generations of Tamesuke, Tamehide, Tamekuni, and Tamemasa (also known as "Tametada," actually Tamekuni's son), the family split into the Kami Reizei (main line) and Shimo Reizei families during the time of Tameyuki and Mochitame, and both continue to this day. The former was a former count, the latter a former viscount. The Fujigayatsu family also split off from the Kamireizei family during the Edo period. The early modern father and son Tamehisa and Tamemura of the Kamireizei family, and the two generations of Masanari (late Muromachi period) of the Shimoreizei family were particularly important poets, while Fujiwara Seika came from the Shimoreizei family. The Kamireizei family has passed down many valuable classical books since Shunzei and Teika, and in recent years, the head of the family and experts have been conducting research to make the entire collection public for the first time in hundreds of years, and in 1981 the Reizei Shiguretei Library was established as a foundation to carry out research activities.

[Shuichi Fukuda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

藤原氏の一族、御子左(みこひだり)家の分かれで、鎌倉後期から今日に至る。為家の子為相(ためすけ)（母は阿仏(あぶつ)）を祖とする。彼が、藤原定家(ていか)から為家に伝えられた冷泉小路に面した家に住み、それが家名となったもの。俊成(しゅんぜい)・定家以来の跡を継いで歌道をもって家業とし、南北朝末期に宗家(そうけ)（嫡流）の二条家が、その前に京極(きょうごく)家が、それぞれ絶えてからは、歌道師範家として重要な役割を果たしてきた。為相・為秀・為邦・為尹(ためまさ)（「ためただ」とも。実は為邦の子）の4代を経て為之(ためゆき)、持為の代に上(かみ)冷泉（嫡流）、下(しも)冷泉の両家に分かれ、ともに現在に至る。前者は旧伯爵、後者は旧子爵。なお、江戸時代に上冷泉家から分かれた藤谷(ふじがやつ)家もある。上冷泉家では近世の為久・為村父子、下冷泉家では2代の政為（室町後期）がとくに歌人として重要で、藤原惺窩(せいか)は下冷泉家の出である。上冷泉家は俊成・定家以来の貴重な古典籍多数を伝えているが、先年来その全容を数百年ぶりに公開すべく、当主や専門家の手で調査が進められ、1981年（昭和56）財団法人冷泉家時雨亭(しぐれてい)文庫が設立され、研究活動を行っている。

［福田秀一］

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