It is an animal of the order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae. It is also called the spring antelope. It is distributed in southern Africa and lives in dry grasslands and deserts. It stands 75-90cm tall at the shoulder and weighs 32-36kg. Both sexes have 35cm long, lyre-shaped horns. The upper side of the body is reddish brown with black bands on the sides, and the underside and the back line are white from the buttocks to the center of the back. It lives in large herds, and was once seen moving in groups of hundreds of thousands. It mainly eats grass, but also leaves and underground stems of shrubs, and can survive for long periods without water. When it is wary or trying to escape, it jumps 3-3.5 meters high with its limbs aligned, like a bouncing rubber ball. This is called pronking, but it is said that it sometimes does it just for fun. It is also a fast runner, reaching speeds of 80km/h, and sometimes 96km/h. The gestation period is around 171 days, and they usually give birth to one baby at a time between November and December. The baby stays with the female for about six months, after which it gradually becomes independent. [Tadaaki Imaizumi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
哺乳(ほにゅう)綱偶蹄(ぐうてい)目ウシ科の動物。トビカモシカともいう。アフリカ南部に分布し、乾燥した草原や砂漠に生息する。肩高75~90センチメートル、体重32~36キログラム。角(つの)は雌雄にあり、長さ35センチメートルほどで、竪琴(たてごと)形。体上面は赤茶色で、体側に黒帯があり、下面と臀部(でんぶ)から背中線沿いに背の中央部まで白色。大きな群れですみ、かつては数十万頭の大群で移動するのがみられた。おもに草を食べるが、低木の葉や地下茎なども食べ、水なしで長期間生存できる。警戒したり、逃走するときに、ゴムまりが弾むように、四肢をそろえて高さ3~3.5メートルもジャンプする。これをプロンキングpronkingというが、単なる遊びですることもあるという。走るのも速く、時速80キロメートル、ときに96キロメートルといわれる。妊娠期間171日前後で、1産1子を11~12月に産むことが多い。子は半年ほど雌親について生活し、その後しだいに独立する。 [今泉忠明] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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