Struensee

Japanese: ストルーエンセ

1737‐72
A Danish politician of German origin. He became the personal physician of the mentally disabled Danish King Christian VII (reigned 1776-1808), and in 1770 he entered the royal court, where he fell in love with Queen Caroline Mathilde. In the same year he abolished the Privy Council, and the following year he became Chancellor himself. During his 16 months in that position he issued around 2,000 decrees, and as an Enlightenment reformer he implemented extremely liberal political and economic policies, including freedom of speech and the prohibition of torture. Although he is regarded historically as a pioneer of economic and social reforms in the 19th century, he was not understood by the oppressed people of his time, and his dictatorial tendencies, hasty reforms, infidelity to the queen, and failure to use the Danish language rallied opponents within the court and the military. He was arrested on January 17, 1772 by the anti-Struensee faction, led by the first heir to the throne, Frederik (1753-1805), and Gruberg, and beheaded on April 28.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1737‐72
ドイツ出身のデンマーク政治家。精神障害のあるデンマーク王クリスティアン7世(在位1776‐1808)の主治医となり，1770年宮廷に入り，王妃カロリーネ･マチルデと情を交わし，同年枢密顧問会を廃止し，翌年自らが〈宰相〉となる。その地位にあった16ヵ月の間に約2000の法令を発布し，自ら啓蒙主義改革者として言論の自由，拷問の禁止等をはじめ政治的･経済的にきわめて自由主義的色彩の濃い政策を敢行した。19世紀の経済的･社会的改革の先駆者として歴史的には評価されてはいるものの，時代の被抑圧者らの理解も得られることなく，その独裁的性向，性急すぎる改革，王妃との不貞，デンマーク語の不使用が，宮廷･軍部内の反対者を結集させるところとなり，第1王位継承者フレゼリクFrederik(1753‐1805)やグルベアを中心とする反ストルーエンセ派によって1772年1月17日逮捕され，4月28日斬首された。

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