Stadhouder (English spelling)

Japanese: スタットハウデル(英語表記)Stadhouder
Stadhouder (English spelling)
The governor of each province of the Netherlands (Netherlands). Also translated as "consul". Even before independence, each province exercised local power in administrative and military affairs as a representative of the sovereign king, but their authority was further strengthened during the Dutch War of Independence. In 1609, the year of the armistice, Maurice of the House of Orange, known as a wealthy and prestigious aristocratic family with a vast territory, became governor of the five provinces of Holland, Zeeland, Gelderland, Utrecht, and Overijssel, and William Lodewijk of the House of Nassau became governor of the two provinces of Friesland and Groningen. The House of Orange continued to produce talented people such as Frederick Hendrik, William II, and William III, and monopolized the governor position, and the position of the governor rose to the point of being considered "head of state".

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
オランダ (ネーデルラント) 連邦共和国各州の総督のこと。統領とも訳される。独立以前から各州において主権者たる国王の代理として行政,軍事の面で地方的権力を行使したが,オランダ独立戦争を通じてその権限は一段と強まった。休戦の年,1609年に広大な領土をもつ富裕な名門貴族として知られたオランニェ家のマウリッツがホラント,ゼーラント,ヘルデルラント,ユトレヒト,オーフェルアイセル5州の,ナッサウ家の W.ローデワイクがフリースラント,フローニンゲン2州の総督を兼ねた。その後もオランニェ家はフレデリク・ヘンドリク,ウィレム2世,同3世のような人材を輩出して総督職を独占し,総督の地位は「国家の元首」とみなされるまでに高まった。

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