Suzuki Eitaro

Japanese: 鈴木栄太郎 - すずきえいたろう
Suzuki Eitaro

Sociologist. Born in Nagasaki Prefecture on September 17, 1894. Graduated from the Faculty of Letters of Tokyo Imperial University in 1922 (Taisho 11). After graduating from Gifu Agricultural and Forestry College and Keijo Imperial University, he served as a professor at Hokkaido University and Toyo University after World War II. He began by studying early British sociological theory, but from his time at Gifu Agricultural and Forestry College he worked to introduce American rural sociology and develop its application to Japanese rural areas, and conducted empirical research. He established sociological theories rooted in Japanese reality, such as grasping the cyclical changes in farm families that take the form of a lineal family, and the theory of natural villages that captures the characteristics of social cohesion in Japanese villages, and compiled the systematic Principles of Japanese Rural Sociology (1940). After the war, he aimed to understand urban society systematically, and contrary to the previous tendency to focus on urban pathology, he viewed cities as a collection of "nodes" for social exchange, elucidated the structure of normal life for the normal population living in cities, and wrote "Principles of Urban Sociology" (1957). In his later years, he also aimed to elucidate national society, but was unable to complete this, leaving behind a posthumous manuscript, "Notes on the Principles of National Sociology" (published in 1970). He passed away on September 20, 1966.

[Hasumi Otohiko]

"The Collected Works of Eitaro Suzuki, 8 volumes (1968-1977, Miraisha)"

[Reference items] | Urban Sociology | Rural Sociology

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

社会学者。明治27年9月17日長崎県に生まれる。1922年(大正11)東京帝国大学文学部卒業。岐阜高等農林学校、京城(けいじょう)帝国大学を経て、第二次世界大戦後には北海道大学、東洋大学の教授を歴任した。イギリスの初期社会学理論の研究から出発したが、岐阜高等農林時代から、アメリカ農村社会学の導入とその日本農村への適用のための発展に努め、実証的研究を進めた。直系家族の形態をとる農家家族の周期的変化の把握や、日本村落の社会結合の特質をとらえた自然村論など、日本の現実に根ざした社会学理論を樹立し、体系的な『日本農村社会学原理』(1940)をまとめた。戦後は、都市社会の体系的把握を目ざし、それまでの都市病理の研究に傾斜した傾向に対して、都市を社会的交流の「結節機関」の集積としてとらえ、都市に生活する正常人口の正常生活の構造を解明して、『都市社会学原理』(1957)を著した。晩年には、さらに国民社会の解明を志したが、完成をみるに至らず『国民社会学原理ノート』が遺稿として残された(1970刊)。昭和41年9月20日死去。

[蓮見音彦]

『『鈴木栄太郎著作集』全8巻(1968~1977・未来社)』

[参照項目] | 都市社会学 | 農村社会学

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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