Skåne - Skåne (English spelling)

Japanese: スコーネ - すこーね(英語表記)Skåne
Skåne - Skåne (English spelling)

A region in southern Sweden. Located at the southern end of the Götaland region, it faces Denmark across the Orsund strait to the west. It faces the Baltic Sea to the south and east, with a gentle coastline. The northern part is gently hilly, and toward the south it becomes plain, with several hogbacks (steeply sloping mountain ridges) called ås running from the northwest to the southeast, each 200 meters above sea level. The climate is marine and relatively warm. The average temperature is 0-2°C in February and 17°C in July. Both the climate and geology show a transitional aspect between the European continent and the Scandinavian Peninsula, and the vegetation is dominated by broad-leaved trees. The area is 11,283 square kilometers, and the population is 1,076,031 (1992). The population density is 95 people per square kilometer. The population is extremely concentrated in the southwest, with 75% of the population concentrated in the southwest. The coastal cities are ice-free ports and heavy industry has developed, the plains are fertile and there are many large farms, Sweden is the largest producer of vegetables and potatoes, and wheat production per hectare is the largest in the world. European Highways Route 4 and Route 6 connect the country to Denmark and Germany by ferry, respectively.

[Koko Nakajima]

history

It was a Danish territory from the beginning of history until 1658, but had a common assembly in Lund and its own law called "Skane Law". It was the seat of the Danish Archbishopric (1103-1536) and prospered in herring fishing. Its location and wealth attracted international interest, and from 1370 to 1385, the Hanseatic city occupied western Scania as a mortgage. From the 15th to 17th centuries, it became a battleground between Denmark and Sweden for hegemony in the Baltic Sea, and as a result of the First Carl Gustav War, Scania was ceded to Sweden along with Halland in the west, Breckinge in the east, and the Baltic island of Bornholm (later returned to Denmark) (Peace of Roskilde, 1658). In the subsequent Scanian War (1675-79), Denmark attempted to retake Scania but failed. The Swedishization of Scania progressed steadily with events such as the founding of Lund University in 1668, and by the time of the Great Northern War (1700-21), Swedishization was almost complete.

[Murai Masato]

[References] | Sweden | Great Northern War | Lund

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

スウェーデン南部の地方。イョータランド地方南端に位置し、西にエアスン(イョーレスンド)海峡を挟んでデンマークに相対する。南と東はバルト海に面し、なだらかな海岸線を描く。北部は緩やかな丘陵で、南に向かうにしたがって平野となり、北西より南東にかけて標高200メートルのオースとよばれる数条のホッグバック(急傾斜の同斜山稜(さんりょう))が走る。気候は海洋性で、比較的温暖。平均気温は2月0~2℃、7月17℃。気候、地質ともにヨーロッパ大陸とスカンジナビア半島との過渡的様相を呈し、植生も広葉樹が多い。面積1万1283平方キロメートル、人口107万6031(1992)。人口密度は1平方キロメートル当り95人。人口分布は極端に南西に多く、75%が南西部に密集している。海岸沿いの都市は不凍港で重工業が発達し、平野は肥沃(ひよく)で大農場が多く、野菜、ジャガイモの作付けはスウェーデン一で、1ヘクタール当りの小麦の生産高は世界一。ヨーロッパ道4号線と6号線が、それぞれフェリーでデンマーク、ドイツと連絡している。

[中島香子]

歴史

有史以来1658年までデンマークの領土であったが、ルンドに民会を有し、「スコーネ法」とよばれた独自の法が存在した。デンマークの大司教座が置かれ(1103~1536)、ニシン漁でも栄えた。その位置と富をめぐって国際的関心が集まり、1370~85年にはハンザ都市が西部スコーネを抵当として占領した。15~17世紀間にはバルト海の覇権を争うデンマーク・スウェーデン間の抗争地となり、第一次カール・グスタフ戦争の結果、西側のハランド、東側のブレッキンゲ、バルト海のボーンホルム島(のちにデンマークへ復帰)とともにスコーネはスウェーデンに譲渡された(1658年ロスキレの和議)。続くスコーネ戦争(1675~79)でデンマークはスコーネの奪還を意図したが失敗し、スコーネのスウェーデン化は1668年のルンド大学創立などにより着々と進行し、大北方戦争(1700~21)時にはスウェーデン化がほぼ完了していた。

[村井誠人]

[参照項目] | スウェーデン | 大北方戦争 | ルンド

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Scania War - Scania War

>>:  Scotland Yard

Recommend

Zinsser, R. (English spelling) ZinsserR

...Large-scale epidemics such as the plague and c...

Leveling method - Heijunho

An economic and financial policy implemented duri...

Solitaire

…Faro, a game of gambling in which players use a ...

Electric rocket; electrical propulsion systems

A general term for rockets that are powered by ele...

Mut'ulu-ch'ong (English spelling)

This earthen tomb is located in Xiayangtou, near M...

Acenaphthene - acenaphthene

A type of aromatic hydrocarbon contained in coal t...

Dichotomous sympodium

…When one branch of a bifurcation becomes stronge...

Acrosome - Acrosome

…the head and tail are connected by a short neck....

Early modern Japanese music chronology - Early modern Japanese music chronology

A chronology of the various schools of Japanese mu...

promenade concerts

…A shady promenade is called a mall, but this is ...

Confucianism

…Confucianism had a profound influence on the cul...

winter habit

...This is a growth habit seen in some varieties ...

Dalmatian [species] (English spelling)

A domestic dog that originated in Yugoslavia (illu...

Biochemical oxygen demand - Biochemical oxygen demand

The amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by micros...