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A Chinese literary figure in the late Tang Dynasty. His pen name was Yishou, later changed to Shubi. He was born in Xiangyang (Hubei Province). He was a Jinshi in 867 (8th year of Xiantong). Born into a low-status family during the prosperous period of the final Tang Dynasty, he left behind works that showed a keen awareness of the reality of the time. Following the example of the series of socially critical poems "Xin Yue Fu" written by his respected senior poet Bai Juyi, Pi Rixiu also wrote a series of 10 poems called "Zhen Yue Fu," which show his deep resentment towards the dark society of the time. Given that he participated in the government established by Huang Chao and became a Hanlin scholar, he has been highly praised in China in recent years for his "people's character" and "sociality." However, on the other hand, he also inherited the leisure poetry aspect of Bai Juyi, writing about the leisurely pleasures of landscapes and rivers, as seen in the 10 volumes of the "Shōryōshū" poetry collection exchanged with his friend Rikukimō.

[Kazuo Noguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、晩唐の文学者。字(あざな)は逸少(いっしょう)、のち襲美(しゅうび)と改めた。襄陽(じょうよう)（湖北省）の出身。867年（咸通8）の進士。唐王朝最末期の爛熟(らんじゅく)した時代に、身分の低い家柄に生まれたため、当時の現実を鋭く認識した作品を残した。尊敬した先輩詩人、白居易(はくきょい)がつくった一連の社会批判詩「新楽府(しんがふ)」に倣って、皮日休にも「正楽府(せいがふ)」10首の連作があり、当時の暗黒社会への深い憤りがうかがえる。彼が黄巣(こうそう)の樹立した政権に参画して翰林(かんりん)学士となったことを踏まえて、近来、中国においてはその「人民性」「社会性」が高く評価される詩人である。しかしその一面で、友人の陸亀蒙(りくきもう)との贈答詩集『松陵集(しょうりょうしゅう)』10巻にみられるように、山水自適の娯(たの)しみを詠じるのもまた、白居易の閑適詩(かんてきし)の側面を継承するものである。『皮子文藪(ひしぶんそう)』10巻がある。

［野口一雄］

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