A sled with steel runners. A winter sport in which participants ride the sled headfirst down an icy course, competing for the fastest time. Also known as Cresta. A thrilling and dangerous sport in which participants slide face-down close to the surface of the course, reaching speeds of over 130 km/h. Cresta was created in 1884 on a course called the Cresta Run, built in St. Moritz, Switzerland. The Cresta Run, which is 1,213 meters long, has hosted national competitions every year since 1885. The first head-down skiers appeared at the 1887 competition. In 1892, a steel sled was introduced, and it was named "skeleton" for its "bony" appearance. It was included in the 1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, but was later dropped. With improvements to the sled and the creation of an artificially frozen course in the early 1970s, international competitions were revived. By 1987, a World Championship and World Cup were held, and tobogganing was recognized as a sport by the International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation (FIBT). In 2002, it was reinstated as an official sport for both men and women at the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics. At the start, athletes push the sled, holding the two handles on each side of the sled. There are bumpers on both sides to cushion the impact if the sled hits the course. There is no steering mechanism or brakes, and the sled is steered by putting one foot on the ice or shifting weight. The maximum weight, including the athletes, is 115 kg for men and 92 kg for women. The course is usually shared with bobsleigh. In international competitions, athletes run two runs, and the ranking is decided by the total time. skeleton |
鋼鉄製ランナー (刃) がついたそり。また,そのそりに頭を前にして腹ばいに乗った状態で氷のコースを滑走し,所要時間を競う冬季競技の一つ。別名クレスタ。コース面すれすれまで顔を下げた状態で滑走するスリルに満ちた危険な競技で,速度は時速 130km以上に達する。 1884年,スイスのザンクトモリッツに建設されたクレスタランというコースで誕生。全長 1213mのクレスタランでは 1885年以降,毎年全国的な競技大会が開催された。 1887年の同大会で初めて頭を下にして滑る選手が登場。 1892年に鋼鉄製のそりが導入され,その「骨ばった」外見から「スケルトン」と命名された。 1928,1948年のザンクトモリッツ・オリンピック冬季競技大会で競技種目になるが,その後不採用。 1970年代初めのそり改良と人工凍結コース誕生をうけ,国際大会が復活。 1987年までに世界選手権とワールドカップが開かれ,国際ボブスレー・トボガニング連盟 FIBTから競技として認定された。 2002年,ソルトレークシティー・オリンピック冬季競技大会で男女ともに再び正式競技として採用された。選手はスタート時,左右についた2本のハンドルを両脇に挟んでそりを押す。両側面にはコースに激突した際の衝撃を和らげるバンパーがついている。操舵機構やブレーキはなく,一方の足を氷上に出したり体重を移動して操縦する。選手を含めた最大重量は,男子 115kg,女子 92kg。コースは通常ボブスレーと共有する。国際大会では2回滑走し,合計タイムで順位を決める。
スケルトン
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