Spade (plow) - Spade (English spelling)

Japanese: すき(鋤) - すき（英語表記）spade

A manual agricultural tool with a vertical or obtuse-angled handle extending from a somewhat wide blade base, used for plowing, digging soil, digging furrows, and digging up tuberous roots. In China, it is also called li li, where li means handle and li means blade. The hoe evolved from a digging stick, and while a typical digging stick is simply a wooden stick with a sharpened tip and no blade base, the hoe differs in that it has a rectangular or crescent-shaped shouldered blade base that is wider than the handle at the bottom of the handle. The relationship between the handle and the blade base varies, and includes the same wooden part at the bottom of the handle carved into a wide board, a board-shaped blade made of stone or wood attached to the handle, and an iron blade base with a cylindrical insertion hole in the center of the top end of the blade base to which the handle is attached.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

やや幅広い刃床から柄が垂直ないしは鈍角状にのびる人力用農具で，耕起，土の掘りあげ，溝掘り，塊根類の掘りとりなどに使用される。中国では耒耜（らいし）ともいわれ，耒は柄，耜は刃を意味する。鋤は掘棒から発展したもので，典型的な掘棒が木棒の先端をとがらせただけで刃床を欠くのに対して，鋤は柄よりも広幅の長方形ないしは半月状の有肩刃床が柄の下端にある点で異なる。柄と刃床との関係はさまざまで，柄の下端の同じ木部を幅広い板状に加工したもの，石や木製などの板状の刃を柄に結びつけたもの，鉄製の刃床の上端中央に円筒形のさし込み穴があり，そこに柄を装着したものなどがある。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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