Shen Yi - Shen Yi

A Chinese writer from the Southern Liang Dynasty. His courtesy name was Xiuwen. He was from Wukang, Wuxing County (Zhejiang Province). He was from a humble family of military officials, but his scholarship and literary talent led him to serve three dynasties: Song, Qi, and Liang, and he became a leading figure in the Qi-Liang literary world. The style of poetry of the "Eight Friends of Jingling" (Shen Yue, Xiao Yan, Wang Rong, Fan Yun, Xie Yuan, Ren Fang, Lu, and Xiao Chen), who frequented the literary salon of King Jingling of Qi (Xiao Ziliang), is called the "Yongming style" after the era name. He made full use of allusions, couplets, and tone, and further refined the formal beauty of language. Shen Yue's theory of the four tones and eight disorders attempted to create tone beauty by combining the four tones that are characteristic of Chinese speech, but it was too complicated to remain a tentative theory, and contributed to the establishment of a modern style of poetry in the Tang dynasty. However, his poetry lacked individuality and fell far short of Xie Yuan's, and it also represents the drawbacks of the "Yongming style" that relied on technique. He worked hard to establish the Liang dynasty as the brains behind his literary colleague Xiao Yan (Emperor Wu of Liang), and became a high-ranking official, but he was more important in the literary world than anything else. He was also a historian who wrote the "Song Shu," a history of the Southern Song dynasty, and was known as a Buddhist. He has two volumes of the "Shen Yin Hou Collection."

[Tetsuo Naruse]

"Ami Yuji, 'Study of Chinese medieval literature - focusing on the Southern Qi and Yongming periods' (1960, Shinjusha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、南朝梁(りょう)の文人。字(あざな)は休文。呉興郡武康（浙江(せっこう)省）の人。武官系の寒門の出身であるが、学問と文才によって、宋(そう)、斉(せい)、梁の3代に仕え、斉梁文壇の第一人者となった。斉の竟陵(きょうりょう)王（蕭子良(しょうしりょう)）の文学サロンに出入りした「竟陵の八友」（沈約、蕭衍(しょうえん)、王融(おうゆう)、范雲(はんうん)、謝朓(しゃちょう)、任昉(じんぼう)、陸(りくすい)、蕭琛(しょうちん)）の詩風は、年号によって「永明(えいめい)体」とよばれる。典故、対句、声律などを駆使し、形式的な言語美をより洗練させた。沈約の四声八病説は、中国語の音声的特徴である四声を組み合わせて音律美を構築しようとしたもので、繁雑すぎて試論にとどまったが、唐代の近体詩成立に寄与した。ただその詩は没個性的で、遠く謝朓に及ばず、技巧に走った「永明体」の弊害をも代表する。文学仲間の蕭衍（梁の武帝）のブレーンとして梁王朝の実現に尽力し、高官となったが、むしろ文壇で重きをなした。南朝宋の断代史『宋書』を著した歴史家でもあり、仏教信者としても知られる。『沈隠侯集』2巻がある。

［成瀬哲生］

『網祐次著『中国中世文学研究――南斉永明時代を中心として』（1960・新樹社）』

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