A law (1948) that aims to quickly and easily restore bodily freedom that has been unjustly taken away through a court of law. A detainee or anyone else may apply for relief in a high court or district court, and if the reason for the application is found to be valid, the detainee must be released immediately. If the Supreme Court deems it necessary, it may itself handle cases that fall under the jurisdiction of lower courts, and revoke or modify the decisions or dispositions of such courts. Anyone who obstructs relief efforts may be sentenced to imprisonment of up to two years or a fine of up to 50,000 yen. It is modeled after the heavies corpus system in Anglo-American law, but is rarely used in criminal proceedings, and is used mainly in cases such as requests for the return of infants and forced hospitalization in psychiatric hospitals. → Related topics Physical freedom Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
不当に奪われている身体の自由を,裁判によって迅速かつ容易に回復させることを目的とする法律(1948年)。被拘束者その他だれでも高等裁判所または地方裁判所に救済を請求でき,請求理由が正当と判決されれば,直ちに被拘束者は釈放されなければならない。最高裁判所は,特に必要と認めれば下級裁判所に属する事件を自ら処理し,その裁判・処分を取消し・変更し得る。救済行為を妨害した者は2年以下の懲役または5万円以下の罰金。英米法のヘビアス・コーパスの制にならったものであるが,刑事手続についてはほとんど用いられず,もっぱら幼児の引渡請求や,精神科病院への強制入院の関係などで利用されている。 →関連項目身体の自由 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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