It refers to the conviction that a judge has after judging the probative value of evidence. The principle of legal evidence, which places positive or negative legal restrictions on a judge's evaluation of evidence, is not necessarily suited to discovering substantial truth, and modern criminal trials adopt the principle of free conviction, which leaves the probative value of evidence to the judge's free judgment. However, Article 319 of the Code of Criminal Procedure requires corroborating evidence for a defendant's confession, regardless of whether it was a confession made in court, placing a certain restriction on the principle of free conviction (see Article 38, paragraph 3 of the Constitution). [Ichiro Uchida] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
裁判官が証拠の証明力(証拠価値)を判断して抱いた確信をいう。裁判官の証拠の評価に対し、積極的または消極的な法律上の制限を加える法定証拠主義は、実体的真実の発見にはかならずしも適合せず、現代の刑事裁判では、証拠の証明力を裁判官の自由な判断にゆだねる自由心証主義が採用されている。ただし刑事訴訟法第319条は、被告人の自白には、公判廷の自白であると否とを問わず、補強証拠を必要とするとしていて、自由心証主義に一種の制限を加えている(なお憲法38条3項参照)。 [内田一郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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