Muḥammad Ayūb Khān

Japanese: アユーブ･ハーン（英語表記）Muḥammad Ayūb Khān

1907‐74
Pakistani soldier and politician. Born in the North-West Frontier Province of India. During World War II, he fought in Burma (now Myanmar) and other places. After Pakistan's independence, he served as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and then became Minister of Defense in 1954. In 1958, he became Martial Law Commander, and then President himself, establishing a military regime. He embarked on economic development through administrative and agricultural reforms, as well as promoting industry with the introduction of foreign capital, and in 1960 introduced a basic democratic system that proclaimed a direct connection between the government and the people, thereby solidifying his administration. In 1962, he enacted a new constitution and established diplomatic relations with China and the Soviet Union, but in order to counter India, he strengthened his military with the aid of China.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1907‐74
パキスタンの軍人，政治家。インド北西辺境州に生まれた。第2次世界大戦中ビルマ(現ミャンマー)などで歴戦，パキスタン独立後，全軍最高司令官を経て，1954年国防相となった。58年戒厳司令官となり，次いで自ら大統領となり，軍事政権を樹立した。行政改革と農業改革や外資導入を伴う工業推進による経済開発に着手し，60年政府と国民の直結をうたう基本的民主主義制度を導入し，政権の固定化を図った。62年新憲法を制定し，中国，ソ連との国交を開始したが，インドに対抗し，中国の援助で軍備を強化した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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