The largest animal on Earth. Body length is 23-27m. The maximum recorded length is over 33m. The weight exceeds about 160t. The length at birth is about 7m. The whole body is gray-blue, with a light-colored kasuri pattern on the back and abdomen. The body is streamlined, but it is longer and slender than other species in the family Balaenidae. The head is flat and U-shaped. There are two blowholes, and the blowhole is thin and rises high, reaching a height of over 9m. The dorsal fin is small and located on the back three-quarters of the body. Some large individuals lack the dorsal fin. The back is raised around the dorsal fin. There are 55-88 ridges, which reach almost to the navel. There are 270-395 baleens on each side on the upper jaw inside the mouth, and the largest can reach 90-110 cm in length and 50-60 cm in width. Both the plate-like parts and the ciliated parts are black. Diving time is relatively short, but they can dive for more than 30 minutes. They usually move around in groups of one or two. They may form mixed schools with fin whales at feeding grounds. They feed mainly on krill, opening their mouths to lunge at their prey and swallow it. They give birth in winter and breed in tropical or subtropical areas. They are pelagic and appear from the ice edge to the equator in both hemispheres. In summer, they migrate to the polar regions and are concentrated. They tend to prefer ice edge waters, and in the Southern Ocean they compete with the pied whale. A highly migratory whale species. The current population has been drastically reduced due to commercial whaling. In particular, the population has decreased significantly in the Southern Ocean due to overfishing and poaching. A total ban on capture has been in place since 1965. Endangered species. The pygmy blue whale ( Bmbrevicauda ) is a subspecies of whale that lives in the temperate and sub-Antarctic regions of the Southern Hemisphere. It has a short tail and extremely short baleen. The blue whale reaches sexual maturity at a body length of around 23.5m, whereas the pygmy blue whale reaches sexual maturity at around 19.8m. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
クジラ目ヒゲクジラ亜目ナガスクジラ科ナガスクジラ属。地球上に現存する最大の動物。体長 23~27m。最大体長記録は 33m以上。体重は約 160tをこえる。出生体長は 7m程度。全身灰青色で,背部と腹部に淡色の絣 (かすり) 模様を呈する。体型は流線形であるが,ナガスクジラ科の他種に比べて細長い。頭部は扁平でU字状を呈する。噴気孔は2個で,噴気は細く高く上がり高さは約 9mをこえる。背鰭 (せびれ) は体の後方4分の3に位置し小さい。大型個体では背鰭を欠くものがある。背部は背鰭を中心に隆起する。畝 (うね) は 55~88本あり,臍 (へそ) 近くまで達する。くじらひげは口内の上顎上面に片側 270~395枚あり,大きいもので長さ 90~110cm,幅 50~60cmに達する。板状部,繊毛部ともに黒色。潜水時間は比較的短いが,30分以上潜水することもある。通常1~2頭で行動する。索餌場ではナガスクジラと混群をなすことがある。もっぱらオキアミ類を食し,口を開いて餌に突進し飲み込んで捕食する。出産期は冬,繁殖地は熱帯ないし亜熱帯である。外洋性で両半球の氷縁から赤道にかけて出現する。夏季は極地方に回遊し集中分布する。氷縁海域を好む傾向があり,南氷洋ではコイワシクジラと競合関係にある。高度回遊性の鯨種。商業捕鯨により現存数が激減。特に南氷洋では乱獲と密漁により著しく減少した。 1965年より全面捕獲禁止となる。絶滅危惧種。 南半球の温帯から亜南極域に,尾部が短く,くじらひげの幅がきわめて短い,ピグミーシロナガスクジラ B.m.brevicaudaという亜種が生息している。性的成熟に達する体長がシロナガスクジラでは 23.5m前後であるのに対し,ピグミーシロナガスクジラでは 19.8m前後である。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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