Shirane Aoi - Shirane Aoi

Japanese: シラネアオイ - しらねあおい
Shirane Aoi - Shirane Aoi

A perennial plant of the family Glaucidaceae (APG classification: Ranunculaceae). It is a typical endemic plant of Japan, consisting of only one species in one genus. The rhizome is thick and spreads horizontally. The stem is 20-50 cm tall, with scale-like leaves at the base. The leaves are reniform, with 5-11 lobes and sharp tips. From May to August, it produces large pale purple flowers about 10 cm in diameter. It has no petals, but has four petal-like sepals. The fruit is a flattened, somewhat square-shaped capsule with many broad-winged seeds. It grows on the forest fringes and grasslands in mountainous areas, and is distributed in the snowy areas on the Sea of ​​Japan side of Honshu from the Chubu region north to Hokkaido. It is often seen on Mt. Shirane in Nikko, and its flowers resemble those of the mallow, hence the name. This species has characteristics not seen in other Ranunculaceae plants, such as the way the fruit splits and the formation of the stamens, and there has been discussion of separating it into a separate family, the Glaucidaceae family.

[Yuichi Kadota March 18, 2020]

[Reference] | Aoi

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

シラネアオイ科(APG分類:キンポウゲ科)の多年草。1属1種のみからなる、代表的な日本の特産植物である。地下茎は太く横にはう。茎は高さ20~50センチメートル、基部には鱗片(りんぺん)状に退化した葉がある。葉は円腎(えんじん)形で、5~11中裂し、先は鋭くとがる。5~8月、淡紫色で径約10センチメートルの大きな花を開く。花弁はなく、花弁状の萼片(がくへん)が4枚ある。果実は扁平(へんぺい)でやや四角形の袋果で、広い翼をもつ種子が多数ある。山地の林縁や草原に生え、中部地方以北の本州から北海道の日本海側多雪地に分布する。日光の白根山に多くみられ、花がアオイの花に似ているので、この名がある。本種は果実の裂開の仕方や雄しべのでき方などに他のキンポウゲ科の植物ではみられない特徴があり、シラネアオイ科として独立させる考え方もあった。

[門田裕一 2020年3月18日]

[参照項目] | アオイ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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