Virgin Birth - Shojo Kaitai

Japanese: 処女懐胎 - しょじょかいたい
Virgin Birth - Shojo Kaitai

In comparative religion, it does not refer to a woman conceiving without the cooperation of a man, but rather to the conception of a human child as a result of the union of God and a woman. In Christianity, it refers to the fact that the Virgin Mary conceived Jesus Christ through the power of the Holy Spirit while still a virgin. When we examine the descriptions in Matthew 1:18-25 and Luke 1:26-38, we see that it is different from the virgin birth in Greek mythology. In Greek mythology, a god descended to earth to have intercourse with a woman and played the role of father in the birth of a child, but in the Bible, the Holy Spirit did not have intercourse with Mary, so he did not play the role of a biological father. Moreover, what is emphasized in this description in the Bible is the authority of Jesus as the Messiah, the Son of God, who has transcended the stain of original sin, and the virgin birth is stated as a consequence of this.

What the Virgin Birth teaches us is not the miraculous power of God, but rather that God's work of salvation has already been realized through Mary's womb. This is the "Immaculate Conception" of the Virgin Mary, a motif that has been used in paintings since the late Middle Ages, leaving behind masterpieces by Murillo and El Greco.

[Kadowaki Yoshiyoshi]

[Reference] | Original Sin

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

比較宗教学上の用語として、男性の協力なしに女性が懐妊することをさすのではなく、神と婦人との一致の結果、人間の子を宿すことをさす。キリスト教においては、聖マリアが処女のまま、聖霊の力によってイエス・キリストを懐妊したことをいう。「マタイ伝福音書(ふくいんしょ)」1章18~25と「ルカ伝福音書」1章26~38の記述を調べると、ギリシア神話の処女懐胎とは違っている。ギリシア神話では、ある神が地上に下って女性と交わり、子供の出産に父親としての役割を果たすが、『聖書』では、聖霊はマリアと交わったわけではないから、生物学的な父親の役目を果たしてはいない。そのうえ、『聖書』のこの記述で強調されることは、原罪によるけがれを超越した神の子メシアとしてのイエスの権威であって、処女懐胎はその帰結として述べられている。

 処女懐胎が教えることは、神の奇跡的力ではなく、むしろ神の救いのわざが、すでにマリアの胎内を通じて現実化されていることである。これが聖母マリアの「無原罪の御やどり」で、このモチーフは中世末期から絵画などに取り上げられ、ムリリョやグレコの名作を残している。

[門脇佳吉]

[参照項目] | 原罪

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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