Career soldier

Japanese: 職業軍人 - しょくぎょうぐんじん（英語表記）career soldier

A military occupation. Its historical origin is unclear, but some say that the first professional soldiers were the condottiere, a mercenary group that appeared in Italy in the 14th century. In fact, the process and time of the emergence of modern professional soldiers varies from country to country. In the Middle Ages, the soldier was more of a class, and as a profession, it has mostly emerged in modern times, especially after the 18th century. It generally refers to those who receive an education at a military college or other institution and serve in the military until they retire at a certain age, and is distinguished from those who serve in the military for a short period of time through conscription.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

軍人を職業とするもの。歴史的起源は明らかでないが，14世紀にイタリアに出現した傭兵隊 condottiereを最初の職業軍人とする説もある。実際に現代的職業軍人は各国によって発生の過程と年代が違っている。中世にあっては，軍人はむしろ階級であり，職業としては，近代，特に 18世紀以後に出現したものが多い。一般に軍事専門学校などで教育を受け，一定年齢で退役するまで軍務につくものをさし，徴兵によって一時期だけ軍務につくものと区別される。

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