In a criminal case, after the opening procedure is completed, the prosecutor must first clarify the facts to be proved by evidence at the beginning of the examination of evidence (Criminal Procedure Law, Article 296, main text). This is called the prosecutor's opening statement, and the defendant or defense counsel must clarify the facts to be proved by evidence with the permission of the court (Criminal Procedure Rules, Article 198, paragraph 1). In this case, the prosecutor, defendant, or defense counsel cannot state matters that may cause prejudice or prejudice regarding the case to the court based on materials that cannot be used as evidence or that are not intended to be examined as evidence. The provisions regarding the prosecutor's opening statement do not apply to summary trial procedures. In addition, in trial procedures with lay judges, the prosecutor must specifically state the relationship to the evidence when clarifying the facts to be proven by evidence based on the results of the issues and evidence arrangement in the pretrial arrangement procedures (Law on Criminal Trials with Lay Judges, Article 55). The same applies when the defendant or his/her defense attorney makes an opening statement (Article 316-30 of the Code of Criminal Procedure). [Ichiro Uchida and Morikazu Taguchi] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
刑事事件の通常第一審の公判審理において、冒頭手続の終了後、証拠調べの始めに、検察官がまず証拠により証明すべき事実を明らかにしなければならないこと(刑事訴訟法296条本文)を検察官の冒頭陳述といい、裁判所の許可を得て被告人または弁護人が証拠により証明すべき事実を明らかにすること(刑事訴訟規則198条1項)を被告人・弁護人の冒頭陳述という。検察官も、被告人・弁護人も、この場合に、証拠とすることができず、または証拠としてその取調べを請求する意思のない資料に基づいて、裁判所に事件について偏見または予断を生じさせるおそれのある事項を述べることはできない。簡易公判手続では検察官の冒頭陳述に関する規定は適用されない。なお、裁判員の参加する裁判手続においては、検察官は、証拠により証明すべき事実を明らかにするにあたって、公判前整理手続における争点および証拠の整理の結果に基づき、証拠との関係を具体的に明示しなければならない(裁判員の参加する刑事裁判に関する法律55条)。被告人または弁護人が冒頭陳述を行う場合も同じである(刑事訴訟法316条の30)。 [内田一郎・田口守一] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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