Shao Yong

A Chinese thinker from the Northern Song Dynasty. His pen name was Yao Fu, and his posthumous name was Kang Jie. His ancestors were from Fanyang, Hebei Province, and moved to Gongcheng, Henan Province during the time of his father Gu (986-1064). He lived in a hermitage in Baiyuan, Sumen Mountain, near Gongcheng, and devoted himself to his studies (hence his school of thought is called the Baiyuan School). He was given the "Book of the Study of Innate Phenomena and Numerology" by Li Zhicai (980-1045), and inherited this and established the school of I Ching that he called "Innate I Ching." He never held a government position in his life, but moved to Luoyang in his late 30s and lived in a hermitage called Anrakuka on the banks of the Yi River, where he lived a leisurely and comfortable life under the pseudonym Anraku Sensei. He was on friendly terms with the elder statesmen of the Northern Song political world, Sima Guang and Fu Bi, and Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, and Zhang Zai were his scholars. The basis of his philosophical endeavors was the study of things, and he aimed to systematically grasp the state and meaning of human existence and to clarify the "way" that governs the world. Such thoughts were involved in the formation of Taoism, and he was later counted as one of the Five Sons of the Northern Song. His main work, "Kōkyoku Keiseisho," makes full use of the philosophy of "numbers" to survey the creation and development of the universe and create a historical timeline that records the rise and fall of times of peace and turmoil in a chronological order, while his poetry collection, "Isengekijōshū," is characterized by its philosophical poetry.

[Akira Oshima February 17, 2016]

"Kōgyoku Jingshishu" by Kunio Miura (included in "Chinese Civilization Selection 12: Historical Studies", 1973, Asahi Shimbun) " "Shao Kangzhe" by Uzaburo Imai, Akira Oshima, and Toshiaki Fukuda (included in "Zhu Xi's School Series, Volume 2, Zhu Xi's Pioneers, Part 1", 1978, Meitoku Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、北宋(ほくそう)の思想家。字(あざな)は堯夫(ぎょうふ)、諡(おくりな)は康節(こうせつ)。祖先は河北省范陽(はんよう)の人、父古(こ)（986―1064）の代に河南省共城に移った。共城近郊の蘇門山(そもんざん)百源に庵(いおり)して学問に励み（よってその学派を百源学派とよぶ）、李之才(りしさい)（980―1045）から「図書先天象数の学」を授けられ、これを継承しながら「先天易(えき)」と称する易学を樹立した。生涯官途につくことはなく、30歳後半洛陽(らくよう)に移り、伊水の上(ほとり)、安楽窩(あんらくか)と称する庵に住し、安楽先生と号して悠々自適の生活を送った。北宋政界の元老司馬光(しばこう)・富弼(ふひつ)らと親交があり、程顥(ていこう)・程頤(ていい)や張載(ちょうさい)はその学侶(がくりょ)であった。その思想的営為の根幹にあるものは「観物」で、人間存在のありさまとその意味を体系的に把握し、世界を経綸(けいりん)する「道」を明らかにすることを目ざした。かかる思索は道学の形成にかかわり、のちに北宋の五子の一人に数えられた。主著『皇極経世書(こうきょくけいせいしょ)』は「数」の哲学を駆使しながら、宇宙の生成展開を通観して編年に治乱興亡の事を記す歴史年表をつくり、詩集『伊川撃壌集(いせんげきじょうしゅう)』は思想詩をその特徴とする。

［大島　晃　2016年2月17日］

『三浦国雄著「皇極経世書」（『中国文明選12　史学論集』所収・1973・朝日新聞社）』▽『今井宇三郎・大島晃・福田俊昭著「邵康節」（『朱子学大系　第2巻　朱子の先駆　上』所収・1978・明徳出版社）』

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