Born December 15, 1888 in Atlantic City, Pennsylvania.
[died] February 28, 1959. Stanford, Connecticut. American playwright and poet. Graduated from the University of North Dakota and completed his master's degree at Stanford University. After working as a teacher and journalist, he published White Desert (1923), which was a failure, but gained recognition for its bold terminology and realistic war scenes in What Price Glory? (24), a war drama co-written with Lawrence Stallings. After receiving favorable reviews for Saturday's Children (27), a comedy about a young couple in a marital crisis, he left realism and turned to verse drama in the 1930s, writing such excellent psychological historical plays as Elizabeth the Queen (30) and Mary of Scotland (33), and his masterpiece Winterset (35), which is based on the Sacco-Vanzetti affair. After World War II, she achieved success with experimental historical dramas such as Joan of Lorraine (46) and Anne of the Thousand Days (47). Anderson
Anderson, Philip W. Born December 13, 1923 in Indianapolis, Indiana
[Died] March 29, 2020. American physicist from Princeton, New Jersey. Full name: Philip Warren Anderson. He studied at Harvard University and received his PhD in 1949. He worked at Bell Telephone Laboratories (→ Bell Labs) in Murray Hill, New Jersey from 1949 to 1984. He was a professor of theoretical physics at Cambridge University in the UK from 1967 to 1975, and has taught at Princeton University since 1975. His research into solid-state physics has made it possible to develop inexpensive electronic switching and memory elements in computers. In 1977, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (→ Nobel Prize) along with his mentors John H. Van Vreck and Neville F. Mott for his research in the fields of semiconductors, superconductivity, and magnetism. He was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1982. His books include Concepts of Solids (1963) and Basic Notions of Condensed Matter Physics (1984). He had deep ties to Japan, having been invited to the University of Tokyo as a Fulbright exchange researcher from 1953 to 1954, and he himself played the game of Go. Anderson
Anderson, Sherwood Born September 13, 1876 in Camden, Ohio, USA.
[Died] March 8, 1941. Colon, Panama American author. He received almost no formal education, and after working in various jobs, he became a successful paint factory manager. In 1913, he moved to Chicago and began his career as a writer during the so-called Chicago Renaissance. Set in a fictional town in the Midwest, Winesburg, Ohio (1919) rebelled against the traditional plot-centered style and opened up new possibilities in American short stories with its structure in which many short stories come together to achieve an organic unity, its psychoanalytic techniques, and its fresh and beautiful rhythm. He influenced Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, and others. His many works include the short story collection The Triumph of the Egg (1921) and the novel Dark Laughter (1925). (→American Literature) Anderson
Anderson, Marian Born: February 27, 1897 / February 17, 1902, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
[Died] April 8, 1993. Portland, Oregon, USA. An American black alto singer. Won first place in the New York Newcomers Competition in 1925. In 1935, she was highly praised by Toscanini in Salzburg as having "a voice that is heard once in a century." In 1939, the Patriotic Women's Association of America refused to allow her to perform in a hall in Washington, DC, due to racial prejudice, but with the support of a citizen movement including E. Roosevelt, she instead held an outdoor concert at the Lincoln Memorial, attracting an audience of 75,000. In 1955, she became the first black singer to perform at the Metropolitan Opera. She boasted a wide repertoire. She came to Japan in 1953. She retired in 1965, much to the regret of her fans. Anderson
Anderson, Lindsay Born: April 17, 1923, Bangalore, India
[Died] August 30, 1994. French and British film director and film critic. As a documentary film director, he participated in the Free Cinema movement that began in 1956. He produced masterpieces such as the documentary Every Day Except Christmas (1957), and from 1962 he began releasing feature films incorporating documentary techniques, which have been highly acclaimed internationally. He is a representative director of the "Angry Young Men" movement in Britain in the 1960s. His representative works include This Sporting Life (1963), If... (1968, Grand Prix at the Cannes Film Festival), and The Whales of August (1987). Anderson
Andersson, Dan(iel) Born: April 6, 1888. Scuttles Bellet
[Died] September 20, 1920, Stockholm Swedish poet and novelist. Born in a forested area close to Finland, he grew up working as a lumberjack and charcoal burner. Although known as a proletarian writer, he did not address the social issues of labor, but instead pursued the humanity of labor, demonstrating a unique style of writing. He died in an accident caused by disinfectant gas in a cheap lodging house while staying in Stockholm. His main works include Kolarhistorier (1914), Kolvaktarens visor (15), the autobiographical novel De tre hemlösa (18), and David Ramms arv (19). Anderson
Andersson, Johan Gunnar Born: July 3, 1874. Kunista
[Died] October 29, 1960, Stockholm Swedish archaeologist and geologist. In 1914, he was invited by the Beijing government to serve as a mining advisor, where he conducted geological surveys throughout China, as well as paleontological and archaeological surveys and excavations. During this time, he achieved great accomplishments, such as the discovery of Peking Man (→Sinanthropus) at Zhoukoudian and the excavation of Neolithic ruins in North China, particularly the painted pottery culture. He returned to Sweden in 1925 and continued his research as director of the Museum of Far Eastern Archaeology in Stockholm, publishing numerous papers. His famous book, Children of the Yellow Earth (1934), is a record of the outline of his research during his stay in China. Anderson
Anderson, Elizabeth Garrett Born: June 9, 1836, Aldeburgh
[Died] December 17, 1917. Aldeburgh. A pioneer of female physicians in England. Founder of the women's medical school. As women were not allowed to enter medical school, she qualified as a pharmacist in London in 1865 and joined the pharmacy at St. Mary's Asylum. She then moved to the Women's Hospital (later renamed Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital after her) where she began educating women in medicine. Anderson herself qualified as a doctor in 1870 at the University of Paris in France. In 1908, she became the first female Mayor of Aldeburgh in England and was also active in the women's suffrage movement. Anderson
Anderson, Carl David Born: September 3, 1905, New York
[Died] January 11, 1991. San Marino, California. American physicist. Studied at the California Institute of Technology, receiving his doctorate in 1930, and became a professor at the same university (1939). In 1930, he placed a Wilson cloud chamber in a magnetic field and began research on gamma rays and cosmic rays. During this research, in 1932, he discovered the positron, which had been predicted by P. Dirac several years earlier. This was the first case in which antimatter was experimentally confirmed. In 1937, while also researching cosmic rays, he discovered the muon particle, predicted by Hideki Yukawa. In 1936, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics along with V. Hess. Anderson
Anderson, Dame Judith Born: February 10, 1898 in Adelaide
[Died] January 3, 1992. Born in Santa Barbara, California, Australia. American actress. Real name Frances Margaret. Debuted in Sydney. Active in New York since 1918. Known for her performances as the Queen in Hamlet starring J. Gielgud (1936), Lady Macbeth in Macbeth (37) with L. Olivier, and Medea (47), adapted from Euripides' novel by R. Jeffers and directed by Gielgud. In 1960, she was made a Dame by the Queen of England. Anderson
Anderson, James Born: 1739, Edinburgh
Died October 15, 1808. West Ham, Essex. Scottish farmer and economist. He was involved in agricultural management and published many books on agricultural issues such as the Corn Laws, grain prices, immigration, and dairy farming. He is also known for arguing that the origin of rent is in the fertility of the soil, and for providing the basis for the differential rent theory of D. Ricardo and TR Malthus. In 1780, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Aberdeen. His main work was "An Inquiry into the Nature of the Corn-Laws" (1777). Anderson
Anderson, John Born: 1893, Scotland
[Died] 1962
Australian philosopher. Studied at the University of Glasgow. After lecturing at the universities of Cardiff, Glasgow, and Edinburgh, he became professor of philosophy at the University of Sydney in Australia in 1927. He initially took the position of absolute idealism, but was later influenced by the neo-realism of W. James and S. Alexander and took the position of realism. He made a great contribution to the formation of Australian philosophy. His main work is Studies in Empirical Philosophy (1962). Anderson
Anderson A city in central Indiana, United States. It is located about 55 km northeast of Indianapolis. The town was founded in 1823. It is located on the fertile plains of the corn and wheat belt, and is a distribution center for agricultural products. The discovery of natural gas in 1886 was the catalyst for industrialization. The production of automobile parts is the most important industry. Anderson College (established in 1917) and a museum are located here, and Mounds State Park, about 5 km east of the city, is home to the largest fort in Indiana. Population 59,459 (1990). Anderson
Anderson, Mary Born July 28, 1859 in Sacramento, California.
[Died] May 29, 1940. Worcestershire, Broadway American actress. Debuted as Juliet at age 16. Appeared in Shakespeare plays in London and Stratford. Known as the first actress to play both Perdita and Hermione in The Winter's Tale. Her books include A Few Memories (1896) and A Few More Memories (1936). Anderson
Anderson A city in northwestern South Carolina, USA. Located at the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The city's name comes from General R. Anderson, a local hero during the Revolutionary War. It is one of South Carolina's major industrial cities. In addition to the traditional textile industry, the city also produces glass fiber, metal products, chemical products, plastic products, sewing machines, and other products. Since 1898, the city has been receiving long-distance electricity from the Seneca River, and has been known as the "Electric City." Population: 26,184 (1990). Anderson
Anderson, Robert Born April 28, 1917 in New York. American playwright. Although he produced few works, Tea and Sympathy (1953), which depicts the loneliness of adolescence and the ritualistic process of coming of age, became a major Broadway hit in the 1950s. His other works include Silent Night, Lonely Night (59), which depicts the romance between a man and a woman who meet at an inn. Anderson
Anderson, Leroy Born June 29, 1908 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
[Died] May 18, 1975. Woodbury American composer. After graduating from the New England Conservatory in Boston, he graduated from Harvard University in 1929. He served as organist at Milton from 1929 to 1935, and taught at Radcliffe College. He was a master of semi-classical music, and wrote many light music pieces. Anderson
Anderson, Robert Born June 14, 1805 in Louisville, Kentucky
Died October 26, 1871, Nice, France. U.S. soldier. Commander of the Union garrison at Fort Sumter, the opening battle of the American Civil War. He refused the Confederate demand to surrender the fort, but it was attacked on April 12, 1861, and he surrendered on the 14th. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
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