Arsine - Arushin (English spelling)

Japanese: アルシン - あるしん(英語表記)arsine
Arsine - Arushin (English spelling)

Arsenic hydride. Also called arsenic hydride or hydrogen arsenide. It is also a general term for compounds in which the hydrogen of AsH 3 is replaced by alkyl groups, aryl groups, halogens, etc., such as As(C 6 H 5 ) 3 and As(C 2 H 5 ) 3. It is generated when metal arsenides are decomposed with acid, and when substances containing arsenic are treated with dilute sulfuric acid together with zinc. It is a colorless gas with a garlic odor. It dissolves at 0.0019 grams per 100 grams of water (0°C). It is slightly soluble in ethanol. It is highly toxic. When arsine is heated, it decomposes to produce arsenic. The Marsh test is a method for detecting arsenic that utilizes this. When chlorine is passed through it, it burns and produces arsenic and hydrogen chloride. When it reacts with chlorine water, it becomes arsenous acid and arsenic acid. Arsine has a reducing effect and precipitates silver from a silver nitrate solution.

[Kenichi Morinaga and Katsunori Nakahara]

[References] | Marsh Test Method [Supplementary Materials] | Arsine (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ヒ素の水素化物。水素化ヒ素、ヒ化水素ともいう。またAsH3の水素をアルキル基、アリール基、ハロゲンなどで置換した化合物たとえばAs(C6H5)3、As(C2H5)3などの総称でもある。金属ヒ化物を酸で分解するとき、またヒ素を含む物質を亜鉛とともに希硫酸で処理するとき発生する。ニンニク臭のある無色の気体。水100グラムに0.0019グラム溶ける(0℃)。エタノールにわずかに溶ける。きわめて有毒。アルシンを熱すると分解してヒ素を生ずる。これを利用したヒ素の検出法がマーシュの試験法である。塩素を通ずると燃え、ヒ素と塩化水素を生ずる。塩素水と反応する場合は亜ヒ酸、ヒ酸となる。アルシンには還元作用があり、硝酸銀溶液から銀を沈殿する。

[守永健一・中原勝儼]

[参照項目] | マーシュの試験法[補完資料] | アルシン(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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