One of the sects that has existed since early Buddhism. About 100 years after the death of Shakyamuni, the Buddhist sect split due to an issue regarding the precepts. The Mahasanghika sect was made up of progressive monks who wanted to allow exceptions to the precepts, while the Theravada sect was made up of conservative monks who insisted on strict observance of the precepts without allowing any exceptions. These two sects later split again, but within the Theravada tradition, the Sarvastivada sect, the Kalachakra sect, the Sammitiya sect, the Sathmadhana sect, and the Sathmadhana sect are important. Buddhism that remains in South Asia today, such as Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Thailand, calls itself Theravada. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
初期仏教以来の部派の一つ。釈尊の滅後 100年あまりのときに戒律に関する問題が原因となって,仏教教団は分裂したが,戒律に除外例を認めようとする進歩的な出家修行者から成る大衆部に対し,戒律に例外を認めず厳格に遵守することを主張した保守的な出家修行者たちの一派を上座部という。この2派は,その後さらに分裂するが,上座部系統のなかでは,説一切有部,犢子部 (とくしぶ) ,正量部,化地部,経量部などが重要なものである。現在スリランカ,ミャンマー,タイなど南アジアに残っている仏教は,みずから上座部と称している。
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